Computational fluid dynamics comparison of the upper airway velocity, pressure, and resistance in cats using an endotracheal tube or a supraglottic airway device

Zamora -Perarnau, Carla; Malvè, Mauro; Fernández-Parra, Rocío

Computational fluid dynamics comparison of the upper airway velocity, pressure, and resistance in cats using an endotracheal tube or a supraglottic airway device

dc.contributor.author	Zamora -Perarnau, Carla
dc.contributor.author	Malvè, Mauro
dc.contributor.author	Fernández-Parra, Rocío
dc.contributor.department	Ingeniería	es_ES
dc.contributor.department	Ingeniaritza	eu
dc.date.accessioned	2024-05-20T09:29:22Z
dc.date.available	2024-05-20T09:29:22Z
dc.date.issued	2023
dc.date.updated	2024-05-20T09:17:46Z
dc.description.abstract	Intoduction: In veterinary medicine, airway management of cats under general anesthesia is performed with an endotracheal tube (ETT) or supraglottic airway device (SGAD). This study aims to describe the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to assess the velocities, pressures, and resistances of cats with ETT or SGAD. Methods: A geometrical reconstruction model of the device, trachea, and lobar bronchi was carried out from computed tomography (CT) scans that include the head, neck, and thorax. Twenty CT scans of cats under general anesthesia using ETT (n = 10) and SGAD (n = 10) were modeled and analyzed. An inspiratory flow of 2.4 L/min was imposed in each model and velocity (m/s), general and regional pressures (cmH2O) were computed. General resistance (cmH2O/L/min) was calculated using differential pressure differences between the device inlet and lobar bronchi. Additionally, regional resistances were calculated at the device¿s connection with the breathing circuit (region A), at the glottis area for the SGAD, and the area of the ETT exit (bevel) (region B) and the device itself (region C). Results: Recirculatory flow and high velocities were found at the ETT¿s bevel and at the glottis level in the SGAD group. The pressure gradient (¿p) was more enhanced in the ETT cases compared with the SGAD cases, where the pressure change was drastic. In region A, the ¿p was higher in the ETT group, while in regions B and C, it was higher in the SGAD group. The general resistance was not statistically significant between groups (p = 0.48). Higher resistances were found at the region A (p = <0.001) in the ETT group. In contrast, the resistance was higher in the SGAD cases at the region B (p = 0.001). Discussion: Overall, the provided CT-based CFD analysis demonstrated regional changes in airway pressure and resistance between ETT and SGAD during anesthetic flow conditions. Correct selection of the airway device size is recommended to avoid upper airway obstruction or changes in flow parameters.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	MM and RF-P are supported by the grants PID2021-125731OB-C31 and PID2021-125731OB-C33, respectively, which are financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER ('A way to build Europe').	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.citation	Zamora-Perarnau, C., Malvè, M., Fernández-Parra, R. (2023) Computational fluid dynamics comparison of the upper airway velocity, pressure, and resistance in cats using an endotracheal tube or a supraglottic airway device. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, 1-48. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1183223.	es_ES
dc.identifier.doi	10.3389/fvets.2023.1183223
dc.identifier.issn	2297-1769
dc.identifier.uri	https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/48134
dc.language.iso	eng	en
dc.publisher	Frontiers Media	en
dc.relation.ispartof	Frontiers in Veterinary Science (2023), vol. 10	en
dc.relation.projectID	info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-125731OB-C31/ES/
dc.relation.projectID	info:eu-repo/grantAgreement///PID2021-125731OB-C33/
dc.relation.publisherversion	https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1183223
dc.rights	© 2023 Zamora-Perarnau, Malvè and Fernández-Parra. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).	en
dc.rights.accessRights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject	In silico	en
dc.subject	Airway management	en
dc.subject	V-gel®	en
dc.subject	Feline	en
dc.subject	General anesthesia	en
dc.subject	ETT	en
dc.subject	Flow	en
dc.title	Computational fluid dynamics comparison of the upper airway velocity, pressure, and resistance in cats using an endotracheal tube or a supraglottic airway device	en
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dspace.entity.type	Publication
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