Artículos de revista - Aldizkari artikuluak

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Open Access
Asymmetric white matter degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a diffusion kurtosis imaging study of motor and extra-motor pathways
(Frontiers Media, 2025-04-25) Quizhpilema Cedeño, Juan Carlos; Legarda, Ane; Hidalgo, José Manuel ; Lecumberri Villamediana, Pablo; Jericó Pascual, Ivonne; Cabada Giadás, María Teresa; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that lacks effective early biomarkers. This study investigated the potential of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a non-invasive biomarker for detecting and monitoring ALS progression through a comprehensive analysis of white matter alterations. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of magnetic resonance images with advanced diffusion imaging techniques in ALS patients recruited from a neurodegenerative consultation service over a 3-year period and healthy controls. Our methodology employed multi-shell multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) for tract reconstruction and diffusion kurtosis imaging for microstructural analysis. The study focused particularly on the corticospinal tract and associated pathways, utilizing both tract-specific Bundle Analytics (BUAN) and whole-brain Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) approaches. Results: The study included 33 ALS patients and 37 controls with no significant differences in age or gender. ALS patients predominantly presented with spinal onset and exhibited moderate functional impairment (ALSFRS-R: 39.09 ± 5). Whole-brain TBSS revealed widespread white matter alterations, with increased MD, RD, and AD, and decreased FA notably in the corona radiata, internal capsule, and corticospinal tracts. Detailed fiber tracking of the corticospinal tracts showed significant microstructural changes, with the left CST displaying pronounced increases in MD and AD alongside reduced FA, while the right CST exhibited distinctive regional variations. Additionally, analyses of the frontopontine and parietopontine tracts uncovered further alterations in diffusion metrics. Despite imaging findings, clinical-radiological correlations with functional scores and disease progression were not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study explores DKI as a potential biomarker for ALS pathology, revealing microstructural changes in both motor and extra-motor pathways. Using whole-brain TBSS analysis and tractography with DIPY, we identified an asymmetric pattern of degeneration and involvement of integrative neural networks, providing new insights into ALS pathophysiology. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex structural alterations in ALS and suggest that DKI-derived metrics may have utility in characterizing the disease process.
Open Access
Agreement between an inertial measurement unit (IMU) algorithm and a photoelectric system for analysing spatiotemporal variables during overground and treadmill running
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-05-21) Miqueleiz Erburu, Unai; Aguado Jiménez, Roberto; Lecumberri Villamediana, Pablo; Gorostiaga Ayestarán, Esteban; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between running stride variables measured simultaneously with an inertial sensor (MTw IMU) using a specific algorithm, and a floor-based photoelectric (Optojump; OJ) system among well-trained endurance runners, during overground and treadmill runs at speeds ranging from 9 to 21 km∙h-1. Five different filter settings (from 0_0 to 4_4) were used with the OJ to detect the contact event, based on the number of LEDs (from 1 to 5). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between the two devices in any of the stride variables when the 4_4 filter was implemented using the OJ. The agreement was good for contact time (CT) and flight time (FT) [r = 0.81–0.93; Typical error of the estimate (TEE%) = 3.2–7.5%], whereas for stride frequency (SF), stride length (SL) and stride time (ST) the agreement was almost perfect (r = 0.91–0.99; TEE% = 0.2–1.7%). The agreement worsened as the number of activated LEDs used to detect the contact event decreased. This suggests that the tested inertial sensor using a specific algorithm can achieve highly precise measurement of spatiotemporal parameters during both overground and treadmill running, compared to the OJ (4_4) system.
Open Access
Impact of medication use on olfactory performance in older adults
(Frontiers Media, 2025-04-03) Izco-Cubero, Maite; Zambom Ferraresi, Fabíola; Zambom Ferraresi, Fabrício; Fernández González de la Riva, María Luisa; Santamaría Martínez, Enrique; Fernández Irigoyen, Joaquín; Lachén Montes, Mercedes; Lasarte, Juan José; Uzcanga Lacabe, María Iciar; Fernández, Secundino; Sanjurjo San Martín, Gloria; Maravi Aznar, Enrique; Martínez Velilla, Nicolás; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Introduction: Olfactory dysfunction impacts quality of life, safety, and nutrition. Despite its relevance among older adults, the role of medications in influencing olfactory performance remains understudied. This research investigates whether olfactory alterations in older adults are associated with the type or number of medications prescribed. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted with 107 participants (mean age of 86.1 ± 5.1 years). Olfactory performance was evaluated using the Sniffin’ Sticks Test (SST). Functional capacity, cognitive function and the number and type of medications were also assessed. Results: The analysis demonstrated a correlation between better olfactory performance and higher cognitive function. An inverse correlation was found between the age of participants and olfactory identification. While polypharmacy (intake of five or more medications) did not show a significant association with olfactory dysfunction, the intake of laxatives was associated with poorer olfactory threshold performance (−1.21, 95% CI −2.07 to −0.34; p = 0.008). In contrast, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (1.14, 95% CI 0.07 to 2.21; p = 0.04) and vitamin D (1.09, 95% CI 0.03 to 2.15; p = 0.04) intake were linked to improved olfactory identification. Discussion: These findings suggest that certainmedications influence olfactory performance; however, further research is needed to clarify the effects of different drug classes on olfaction.
Open Access
Morphometry and textural surface properties of heat induced whey protein microparticles
(Elsevier, 2025-09-01) Angós Iturgaiz, Ignacio; Vele, Lenin; Espinosa Rábanos, Isabel; Iturmendi Vizcay, Nerea; Fernández García, Teresa; Maté Caballero, Juan Ignacio; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
The present work focuses on the study of four key factors controlling the process of whey protein microparticulation: protein suspension concentration (%WPI 2.5 % vs. 5.0 %); medium acidity (pH 4.5 vs. 5.5); denaturation temperature (80◦C vs. 90◦C); and particle size reduction method (180 bar x 1, 2 or 3 cycle(s); 1800 bar x 1 cycle). The effects of the microparticulation process were studied by analysing the degree of protein aggregation, morphometry, and surface textural characteristics of the microparticles. The results obtained indicate that the most favourable treatments to achieve a higher proportion of particles within the optimal range required by the food industry (1–10 μm) can be obtained by gentle protein denaturation (80◦C) using a medium with a pH lower than the isoelectric point of β-lactoglobulin and moderate concentrations of whey protein (2.5–5.0 %). Under these premises, it is necessary to use a high intensity particle size reduction method (1800 bar) to achieve the average diameter and the adequate homogeneity in a consistent fashion.
Open Access
Corrosion behavior of additively manufactured steels: a comprehensive review
(Wiley, 2025-03-21) Villabona Gorri, Eneko; Veiga Suárez, Fernando; Rivero Fuente, Pedro J.; Uralde Jiménez, Virginia; Suárez, Alfredo; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Additive manufacturing (AM) is transforming the production of steel components, offering unique advantages such as design freedom and the ability to create complex geometries. This review examines the corrosion behavior of various steel types, including austenitic stainless steels (SS), martensitic SS, duplex SS, low-alloy steels, and maraging steels, produced through AM technologies. In addition, the topic of material hybridization through AM is addressed, which allows for the optimization of the properties of the base materials. While AM often generates finer grain structures, particularly in SS, which enhances corrosion resistance, it can also lead to undesirable phases, precipitates, or defects like porosity that degrade performance. Controlling AM process parameters is crucial to achieving the desired microstructure and optimizing corrosion resistance. The review highlights current knowledge, identifies challenges, and underscores the importance of standardized testing methodologies to enable better cross-study comparisons and guide future advancements in corrosion-resistant AM steels.
Open Access
Clerics and priests as scientists in the Spanish Golden Age
(Nicolaus Copernicus University (Polonia), 2025-03-27) Del Villar, Ignacio; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza
The Spanish Golden Age was a very fruitful period in disciplines as varied as literature, painting and religion, while giving rise to the first global empire. However, the scientific-technological aspect of this period is little known, especially with regard to clerical and religious scientists, among whom are figures such as the Dominican Domingo de Soto, who contributed to physics with the concept of mass and the uniform acceleration of bodies in free fall; the Jesuit José de Acosta, which can be regarded as a precursor of biogeography; Nicolás Monardes, a pioneer in pharmacognosy who in his later years wore the habit of St. Peter and likely became a priest; Benito Daza de Valdés, who was most likely a Dominican and authored the first treatise on physiological optics; and Juan Caramuel, a bishop and polymath who conceptualized the binary system. This could support the idea expressed by some authors that scientific questions often arise in an environment with a deep interest in the transcendental, as is the case with these clerics presented here.
Open Access
System usability scale for gamified e-learning courses: cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Spanish version
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-05-13) Roncal Belzunce, Victoria; Gutiérrez Valencia, Marta; Martínez Velilla, Nicolás; Ramírez Vélez, Robinson; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the System Usability Scale for Gamified E-learning Courses (SUS-G scale) to the Spanish population and evaluate its factor structure. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: translation and cultural adaptation of the SUS-G scale, followed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), with 103 and 201 participants, respectively. A total of 304 students were enrolled in the study. The EFA revealed three correlated factors: User Experience (16 items), Educational Usability (nine items), and Usability (four items). The 29-item structure showed adequate-to-excellent goodness-of-fit indices and good internal consistency in CFA. The Spanish version of the SUS-G was validated and found to be reliable. The final instrument, with 29 items across three dimensions, can assess the usability of gamified e-learning courses among Spanish-speaking university students.
Open Access
Flipped Classroom or flip to foster self-regulation competencies in Mathematics in Economics and Business students
(Elsevier, 2025-02-08) Rodríguez Rincón, Yeray; Munárriz Iriarte, Ana; Magreñán Ruiz, Ángel Alberto; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
This study evaluates the implementation of the Flipped Classroom (or Inverted Classroom) methodology in university-level Mathematics courses for Economics and Business Administration students, addressing common challenges such as quantitative deficiencies, diverse student backgrounds, variability in learning paces, and math anxiety, which often lead to demotivation and disengagement. The quasi-experimental design included three student groups, with a total sample of 137 students: an experimental group using the Flipped Classroom method, and two control groups taught through traditional methods. Data were collected via pretests, posttests, and a satisfaction survey. The results reveal that students who actively engaged with the Flipped Classroom methodology showed significant improvements in academic performance, particularly among those with weaker mathematical backgrounds, compared to the ones who followed traditional methods. The analysis demonstrates that this improvement is independent of instructor quality, as the Flipped Classroom methodology fosters the development of self-regulation and self-efficacy skills. These competencies were key in enhancing students' academic success, rather than the specific instructional approach. Additionally, students reported high levels of satisfaction with the Flipped Classroom approach, citing increased time investment, greater engagement with Mathematics, and recommending its broader application in other subjects. Overall, the study supports the effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom methodology in improving academic outcomes and fostering essential learning skills.
Open Access
Conflictividad social en Navarra durante las guerras civiles entre agramonteses y beaumonteses (1450-1507)
(Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2024-12-19) Mugueta Moreno, Íñigo; Ciencias humanas y de la educación; Giza eta Hezkuntza Zientziak
Durante las guerras civiles navarras entre los bandos agramontés y beaumontés (1450-1507), se produjeron diferentes conflictos, horizontales y verticales. Los primeros se dieron entre los nobles de diferentes bandos; los segundos entre los nobles y las comunidades que se encontraban bajo su dominio. En este trabajo pretendemos estudiar este último tipo de conflictividad a partir de cinco casos de estudio: Peralta, Santa Cara, Arguedas y Valtierra, y Cortes. La comparación de las problemáticas surgidas en todos estos casos nos permitirá comprender que los conflictos entre señores y campesinos giraron en torno al reconocimiento de la jurisdicción señorial, y más en concreto en torno al derecho de nombrar alcaldes por parte de los señores.
Open Access
Intención de abandono de la profesión enfermera por salud mental en Navarra (España) durante la pandemia de COVID-19
(Gobierno de Navarra, 2025-04-30) García Vivar, Cristina; Ferraz Torres, Marta; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Fundamento. El objetivo es estimar la intención de abandono de la profesión enfermera o del puesto de trabajo en la comunidad foral de Navarra (España) durante la sexta ola de la pandemia por COVID-19 (octubre 2021-marzo 2022) y analizar su relación con el estado de salud mental de las enfermeras y sus características socio-demográficas. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo y transversal con enfermeras que trabajaron durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en instituciones sanitarias de Navarra. Se diseñó un cuestionario con escalas validadas para evaluar depresión, ansiedad, insomnio, estrés postraumático y la intención de abandonar el puesto de trabajo o la profesión enfermera. El cuestionario se envió por correo electrónico a las enfermeras colegiadas, cerrando la recogida de datos al alcanzar el tamaño muestral requerido. Resultados. Se recibieron 691 cuestionario completos. El 43% de las enfermeras manifestaron intención de abandonar la profesión y, de ellas, el 52% también consideraron la posibilidad de cambiar de puesto de trabajo. Las enfermeras con niveles moderados de ansiedad y estrés postraumático mostraron mayor intencionalidad de abandono de la profesión, así como aquellas con menor experiencia profesional. Conclusiones. La intención de abandono de la profesión enfermera en Navarra durante la sexta ola de la pandemia por COVID-19 se asocia significativamente con niveles moderados de ansiedad y estrés postraumático, y menor experiencia profesional. Es necesario implementar estrategias para mejorar las condiciones laborales, promover el bienestar mental y reducir el riesgo de abandono profesional de las enfermeras, especialmente en contextos de crisis sanitaria.
Open Access
Non-line-of-sight 300 GHz band wireless link enabled by a frequency dependent reflective surface
(IEEE, 2025-05-01) Dutin, Frédéric; Beaskoetxea Gartzia, Unai; Torres Landívar, Víctor; Szriftgiser, Pascal ; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; Ducournau, Guillaume; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
Reconfigurable intelligent surface is a promising technology for the up-coming sixth-generation (6G) of cellular communication networks. In this context, an experimental study of specular and nonspecular reflections of a reflective surface (RS) by scattering parameter measurements in the 300 GHz range is presented. Here, we compare the insertion loss of a fixed and passive RS at its optimal output deflection angle with respect to the specular reflection on a metallic plate. We propose a methodology to assess the losses induced by the surface and validate the use of the device within a THz link. At its best, around 290 GHz, the surface insertion loss is less than 3 dB compared to the metallic plate. We then investigate a non-line-of-sight (LoS) THz link operating in QSPK and QAM-16 coherent transmission using the RS. Data rates up to 10 Gbits/s for QSPK and 20 Gbits/s for QAM-16 are obtained. This is, to the best authors knowledge, the first demonstration of a NLoS THz data-link including such RS.
Open Access
Biocontrol potential of Bacillus sp. against indigenous fungal phytopathogens of potato and sugarcane
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-02-02) Abid, Amina; Ahmed, Hafsa; Saeed, Zain; Dar, Abdur-Rehman; Zameer, Mahnoor; Mehnaz, Samina; Shahid, Izzah; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Fungal diseases pose significant threats to crops, necessitating effective control measures to mitigate their impact on agricultural productivity. In this study, fungal pathogens affecting sugarcane and potato crops in Pakistan were investigated. Morphological and molecular characterization revealed the presence of Fusarium sacchari and Ceratocystis sp. in sugarcane samples, and Epicoccum nigrum and Alternaria alternata in potato samples. Effective biocontrol of these pathogens was shown by two corn rhizobacteria, i.e. Bacillus subtilis (MUN-1) and Bacillus velezensis (MUN-15). Both strains exhibited significant inhibition of fungal growth in vitro with Bacillus subtilis demonstrating higher efficacy. Gene-specific PCR analysis confirmed the presence of surfactin and iturin genes responsible for antifungal metabolite production in these bacteria in addition to VOCs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of Epicoccum nigrum infecting potato plants in Pakistan. Implementing such eco-friendly strategies can contribute to the reduction of chemical inputs in agriculture ensuring crop health and productivity.
Open Access
An adolescent with a giant ovarian cyst and hyperandrogenism: case report
(Wiley, 2025-01-29) Moreno Alfonso, Julio César; Hernández Martín, Sara; Ayuso González, Lidia; Pérez Martínez, Alberto; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Objective: To present a rare diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) after initial suspicion of malignancy. PCOS is a common endocrine disorder in adolescence characterized by hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. Case Presentation: A 13-year-old female patient was referred for a giant mass noted on examination for metrorrhagia. She had previously presented for hirsutism and acne, treated independently. A multicystic abdominal tumor measuring 21 × 17 × 9 cm was identified, with a nodular image and negative tumor markers, but elevated testosterone and LH/FSH ratio. Therefore, video-assisted ovarian cystectomy was performed. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with PCOS and began hormonal therapy, with improvement of hyperandrogenism. Conclusion: In adolescents with large ovarian cysts, in addition to ruling out malignant neoplasms, PCOS should be considered as these may have similar clinical and radiological presentations.
Open Access
Irrigation agriculture and income redistribution
(Springer, 2025-05-15) Ezcurra Orayen, Roberto; Economía; Ekonomia; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
This paper advances the hypothesis and establishes empirically that the adoption of irrigation agriculture during the preindustrial era is a predictor of current cross-country differences in income redistribution. Countries whose populations historically relied on irrigation agriculture as their primary subsistence mode tend to exhibit lower levels of redistribution today, confirming that certain historical practices related to agriculture can have lasting effects on present-day outcomes. The research employs several empirical strategies to address concerns about the potential endogeneity of ancestral irrigation, including an instrumental variable approach that exploits cross-country variation in irrigation suitability. Furthermore, the results remain unaffected after controlling for an extensive set of geographic, historical and contemporary factors that may be correlated with both historical irrigation and redistribution. The analysis also reveals that the contribution of ancestral irrigation to income redistribution has partly operated through its impact on the individualistic-collectivist dimension of culture and political institutions.
Open Access
The European social model after the Great Recession: a recovery not genuinely inclusive
(Cambridge University Press, 2025-01-31) Bilbao Ubillos, Javier; Ullibarri Arce, Miren; Ochando, Carlos; Intxaurburu, Gurutze; Alsasua, Josu; Economía; Ekonomia
In spite of the upturn in the economy and in employment that has been observed in the EU since 2013 to 2019 (and after COVID-19 crisis), the gap between the figures for indicators of economic growth and those for the trends in domestic living conditions continues to be very wide; growth and newly created jobs are not resulting in a generalised improvement in the welfare of the population. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the recovery period after the Great Recession has not been one of truly inclusive recovery and to provide tentative explanations for this. We focus on the five main EU countries before Brexit. We conclude that the incidence of poverty associated with part-time work is now somewhat greater ('in-work poverty') and also that there has been strong containment of wages in the leading countries of the EU over the period under study, and even falls in real wages. At least, redistribution policies have shown themselves to be effective in reducing poverty.
Embargo
Key technical factors and steadiness in Olympic and regional sailors in ILCA class: insights from a sailing simulator study
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-03-16) Abellán-Aynés, Oriol; Chicoy-García, Ion; Segado Segado, Francisco; Encarnación-Martínez, Alberto; Manzanares Serrano, Aarón; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Little attention has been given to the study of sport sailing. A new trend in performance analysis of cyclic sports involves examining steadiness between cycles. Therefore, the aims of this study were as follows: to determine which technical aspects differ between Olympic and regional-level sailors to maximise performance in the ILCA class, and to analyse whether steadiness in these technical variables is enhanced in athletes at a higher competitive level. A total of 36 ILCA sailors participated in the study—8 from Olympic teams and 28 from regional competitions – performing a sailing test on a simulator. Performance and technical variables, such as speed, heading angle, boom angle, heel angle, rudder angle, and hiking effort were assessed. Additionally, short-term and long-term steadiness of these variables were analysed. Olympic sailors demonstrated superior performance by higher speed, greater hiking effort, and lower heading, boom, heel, and rudder angles (p < 0.05). Furthermore, Olympic sailors exhibited greater steadiness in some technical variables (p < 0.05). In conclusion, Olympic sailors outperform regional sailors in specific linear tests due to higher speed influenced by technical aspects related to the mechanical behaviour of the boat and the ability to maintain more consistent force values and steadier technical aspects.
Open Access
Hybrid modelling and identification of mechanical systems using Physics-Enhanced Machine Learning
(Elsevier, 2025-11-15) Merino Olagüe, Mikel; Iriarte Goñi, Xabier; Castellano Aldave, Jesús Carlos; Plaza Puértolas, Aitor; Ingeniería; Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Obtaining mathematical models for mechanical systems is a key subject in engineering. These models are essential for calculation, simulation and design tasks, and they are usually obtained from physical principles or by fitting a black-box parametric input-output model to experimental data. However, both methodologies have some limitations: physics based models may not take some phenomena into account and black-box models are complicated to interpretate. In this work, we develop a novel methodology based on discrepancy modelling, which combines physical principles with neural networks to model mechanical systems with partially unknown or unmodelled physics. Two different mechanical systems with partially unknown dynamics are successfully modelled and the values of their physical parameters are obtained. Furthermore, the obtained models enable numerical integration for future state prediction, linearization and the possibility of varying the values of the physical parameters. The results show how a hybrid methodology provides accurate and interpretable models for mechanical systems when some physical information is missing. In essence, the presented methodology is a tool to obtain better mathematical models, which could be used for analysis, simulation and design tasks.
Open Access
Clinical utility and safety of finerenone in patients with heart failure: rationale and design of FINE registry
(Wiley, 2025-02-28) Alonso Salinas, Gonzalo Luis; Martínez León, Amaia; Aguiar Cano, Diego; Esteban-Fernández, Alberto; Viéitez Flórez, José María; Prado Díaz, Susana del; Górriz-Magaña, Juan; Lara Delgado, Gregorio de; González-Manzanares, Rafael; Caravaca-Pérez, Pedro; Pastor-Pérez, Francisco J.; Valdivieso-Moré, Sandra; Quiles, Juan; Ponz, Inés; Escolar, Vanessa; Boada Lincango, Edison Omar; Báez-Ferrer, Néstor; Gallego, Gonzalo; Almenar, Luis; Gutiérrez de la Varga, Lui; Codina,Pau; Recio Mayoral, Alejandro; Fort, Aleix; Pinilla Lozano, María Jesús; González-Calle, David; Gómez-Otero, Inés; Salazar Mosteiro, Cristina; Cobo, Marta; Piqueras-Flores, Jesús; Bonanad, Clara; Huerta, Ana; Ferré Vallverdú, María; Díez-Villanueva, Pablo; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Aims: Information about current use of finerenone in patients with heart failure (HF) finerenone in clinical practice is scarce, and its effectiveness in clinical practice in patients is scarce. We aim to assess both the baseline clinical profile and prognostic role of finerenone in patients with HF, irrespective of ejection fraction. Methods and results: The study is a multicentre, observational registry, including regional and tertiary hospitals. The registry incorporates contributions from cardiology, internal medicine, and nephrology departments, ensuring comprehensive data collection. Patients with previous history of decompensated HF and elevated natriuretic peptides (NPs) will be included and classified into two groups: Those initiating finerenone will constitute the study cohort, with a 1:1 matched control cohort including those patients not receiving finerenone. Follow-up will occur at 6 and 12 months (and optional 3 and 5 years). Endpoints will include the incidence of HF exacerbations requiring intravenous therapy, hospitalizations, renal replacement therapy, and mortality due to cardiovascular or renal causes. Conclusions: This study will provide valuable real-world evidence on the clinical effectiveness and safety of finerenone across a wide range of HF patients, including those with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved ejection fraction. By leveraging a large, representative, and controlled cohort, the findings aim to enhance clinical decision-making and optimize the use of finerenone in routine practice, particularly in high-risk patients with complex co-morbidities.
Embargo
Dispersion effects in thermal emission from temporal metamaterials: high-frequency cutoffs
(Optica, 2025-02-03) Vertiz Conde, Amaia; Liberal Olleta, Íñigo; Vázquez Lozano, Juan Enrique; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
The latest breakthroughs in time-varying photonics are fueling novel, to the best of our knowledge, thermal emission phenomena, e.g., showing that the dynamic amplification of quantum vacuum fluctuations, induced by the time modulation of material properties, enables a mechanism to surpass the blackbody spectrum. So far, this issue has only been investigated under the assumption of non-dispersive time modulations. In this work, we identify the existence of a nonphysical diverging behavior in the time-modulated emission spectra at high frequencies and prove that it is actually attributed to the simplistic assumption of a non-dispersive (temporally local) response of the time modulation associated with memory-less systems. Accordingly, we upgrade the theoretical formalism by introducing a dispersive response function, showing that it leads to a high-frequency cutoff, thereby eliminating the divergence and hence allowing for the proper computation of the emission spectra of time-modulated materials.
Open Access
Magnetic fabrics of weakly-deformed mudrocks from the Jaca-Pamplona basin (Pyrenees); new constrains on the sensitivity of magnetic fabrics and the tectonic evolution of the Southern Pyrenees
(Springer, 2025-03-03) Sierra-Campos, Pablo; Calvín, Pablo; Izquierdo-Llavall, Esther; Pérez de Landazábal Berganzo, José Ignacio; Montes, M.; Luzón, A.; Bellido, E.; Pueyo, E. L.; Larrasoaña, Juan Cruz; Ciencias; Zientziak
La anisotropía de la susceptibilidad magnética (ASM) es una técnica que se ha mostrado muy efciente en el estudio de la evolución tectónica de cinturones orogénicos. En rocas débilmente deformadas depositadas en contextos compresivos, la ASM viene marcada por la orientación preferente de flosilicatos paramagnéticos ocurrida durante la diagénesis inicial como respuesta al acortamiento paralelo a las capas (LPS). Estas fábricas asociadas al LPS pueden verse modifcadas con posterioridad como respuesta al cizallamiento en la cercanía de planos de cabalgamiento. En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de la ASM en dos secciones, Izaga y Berdún, que se sitúan en la cuenca de Jaca-Pamplona (Zona Surpirenaica) y registran la evolución tectonosedimentaria de la cuenca desde el Luteciense Superior al Priaboniense Medio. Las partes inferior y superior de la serie de Izaga muestran elipsoides triaxiales/oblatos y oblatos, respectivamente, que indican un decaimiento en la intensidad del LPS asociado a la actividad decreciente del lejano sistema de cabalgamientos de Larra. La sección de Berdún comienza con elipsoides oblatos, que cambian rápidamente a triaxiales y prolatos antes de volver a oblatos hacia la parte media y superior de la serie. Los elipsoides triaxiales y prolatos en la parte baja de la serie marcan, junto con el desarrollo de una guirnalda incipiente entre los ejes mínimos e intermedios de la ASM, el efecto adicional de un cizallamiento que relacionamos con un cabalgamiento no detectado anteriormente y cuya presencia ha sido corroborada por análisis estructural. Aunque el resto de la serie de Berdún refeja el efecto del LPS, no ha sido posible determinar si éste viene condicionado por una estructura cercana o lejana. Los elipsoides prolatos reaparecen en el techo de la serie, circunstancia que relacionamos con un LPS más intenso asociado a la actividad tectónica que condicionó continentalización de la cuenca.