Tuning the sensitivity of photonic sensors toward alkanes through the textural properties of hybrid xerogel coatings

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dc.contributor.authorRosales Reina, María Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorLópez Torres, Diego
dc.contributor.authorCruz Quesada, Guillermo
dc.contributor.authorEspinal Viguri, Maialen
dc.contributor.authorElosúa Aguado, César
dc.contributor.authorReinoso, Santiago
dc.contributor.authorGarrido Segovia, Julián José
dc.contributor.departmentCienciases_ES
dc.contributor.departmentZientziakeu
dc.contributor.departmentInstitute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2en
dc.contributor.departmentIngeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicaciónes_ES
dc.contributor.departmentIngeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaeu
dc.contributor.departmentInstitute of Smart Cities - ISCen
dc.contributor.funderUniversidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-21T16:04:33Z
dc.date.available2025-01-21T16:04:33Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-15
dc.date.updated2025-01-21T15:50:45Z
dc.description.abstractThis work exemplifies how incorporating organosilane modifiers into silica matrices allows for tuning the optical response of reflection photonic sensors through customizing the textural properties of hybrid xerogel sensing films. Xerogels with propyl molar percentages 0, 5, and 10% are used to construct photonic probes (OFS0pTEOS, OFS5pTEOS and OFS10pTEOS, respectively) by dip-coating upon optimizing film deposition parameters. The time response of these probes toward a battery of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) comprising species with different functionality, size-shape, and polarity is systematically analyzed through ON/OFF experiments, revealing that a low propyl content makes the poor-responding OFS0pTEOS film highly sensitive toward non-aromatic, large molecules with low-polar or non-polar character in OFS5pTEOS. This sensor is particularly sensitive toward alkanes, with globular cyclohexane (cyHex) outperforming elongated n-hexane. Variable-temperature calibration curves obtained from step-by-step experiments and adsorption-desorption cycles corroborate these observations and allow hysteresis to be quantified. The response to cyHex closely follows VOC concentration changes with the most stable signal among analytes, leading to well-defined curves with low-to-negligible hysteresis. The isosteric enthalpies of cyHex adsorption are obtained for both the bulk material and the sensor, demonstrating labile adsorbate-adsorbent interactions ruling the sensor response and becoming more exothermic for larger VOC concentrations.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (grant numbers PID2020-113558RBC42 and PID2022-137437OB-I00). The authors thank UCTAI (UPNA) for technical support and Dr. A. Ozcáriz for ellipsometry measurements. Open access funding provided by Universidad Pública de Navarra.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationRosales-Reina, B., López-Torres, D., Cruz-Quesada, G., Espinal-Viguri, M., Elosúa, C., Reinoso, S., Garrido, J. J. (2025) Tuning the sensitivity of photonic sensors toward alkanes through the textural properties of hybrid xerogel coatings. Advanced Functional Materials, 35(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202413871.
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/adfm.202413871
dc.identifier.issn1616-301X
dc.identifier.urihttps://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/53028
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofAdvanced Functional Materials 35(3), 2025, 2413871, 1-11
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-113558RB-C42/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-137437OB-I00/ES/
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202413871
dc.rights©2024 The Author(s). Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License.
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectEnthalpy of adsorptionen
dc.subjectHybrid xerogelsen
dc.subjectPhotonic sensorsen
dc.subjectTextural propertiesen
dc.subjectVolatile organic compoundsen
dc.titleTuning the sensitivity of photonic sensors toward alkanes through the textural properties of hybrid xerogel coatingsen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery952a89c0-b467-49a0-9fcf-76a081ce5ef0

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