Photonic controlled metasurface for intelligent antenna beam steering applications including 6G mobile communication systems
Fecha
2023Autor
Versión
Acceso abierto / Sarbide irekia
Tipo
Artículo / Artikulua
Versión
Versión publicada / Argitaratu den bertsioa
Identificador del proyecto
Impacto
|
10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154652
Resumen
This paper presents a novel metasurface antenna whose radiation characteristics can be remotely controlled by
optical means using PIN photodiodes. The proposed reconfigurable antenna is implemented using a single
radiating element to minimize the size and complexity. The antenna is shown to exhibit a large impedance
bandwidth and is capable of radiating energy in a specified direction. The pro ...
[++]
This paper presents a novel metasurface antenna whose radiation characteristics can be remotely controlled by
optical means using PIN photodiodes. The proposed reconfigurable antenna is implemented using a single
radiating element to minimize the size and complexity. The antenna is shown to exhibit a large impedance
bandwidth and is capable of radiating energy in a specified direction. The proposed antenna consists of a
standard rectangular patch on which is embedded an H-tree shaped fractal slot of order 3. The fractal slot is used
to effectively reduce the physical size of the patch by 75 % and to enhance its impedance bandwidth. A metasurface layer is strategically placed above the patch radiator with a narrow air gap between the two. The
metasurface layer is a lattice pattern of square framed rhombus ring shaped unit-cells that are interconnected by
PIN photodiodes. The metasurface layer essentially acts like a superstrate when exposed to RF/microwave radiation. Placed below the patch antenna is a conductive layer that acts like a reflector to enhance the front-toback ratio by blocking radiation from the backside of the patch radiator. The patch’s main beam can be precisely
controlled by photonically illuminating the metasurface layer. The antenna’s performance was modelled and
analyzed with a commercial 3D electromagnetic solver. The antenna was fabricated on a standard dielectric
substrate FR4 and has dimensions of 0.778λo × 0.778λo × 0.25λo mm3
, where λo is the wavelength of free space
centered at 1.35 GHz. Measured results confirm the antenna’s performance. The antenna exhibits a wide fractional band of 55.5 % from 0.978 to 1.73 GHz for reflection-coefficient (S11) better than − 10 dB. It has a
maximum gain of 9 dBi at 1.35 GHz with a maximum front-to-back ratio (F/B) of 21 dBi. The main beam can be
steered in the elevation plane from − 24◦ to +24◦. The advantage of the proposed antenna is it does not require
any mechanical movements or complicated electronic systems. [--]
Materias
Beam steering,
Fractal geometries,
Metasurface,
Patch antenna,
Photonic systems,
Reconfigurable devices
Editor
Elsevier
Publicado en
AEÜ - International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 166 (2023) 154652
Departamento
Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación /
Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza Saila /
Universidad Pública de Navarra/Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
Versión del editor
Entidades Financiadoras
Dr. Mohammad Alibakhshikenari acknowledges support from the CONEX-Plus programme funded by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 801538. The authors also sincerely appreciate funding from Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2023R58), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Additionally, this work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Gobierno de España (Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional -FEDER-, European Union) under the research grant PID2021-127409OB-C31 CONDOR. Besides above, the Article Processing Charge (APC) was afforded by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Read & Publish Agreement CRUE-CSIC 2023).