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Browsing INAMAT2 - Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics by Department/Institute "Ciencias de la Salud"
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Publication Open Access Association of intrinsic capacity with incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease: prospective study in UK Biobank(Wiley, 2023) Ramírez Vélez, Robinson; Iriarte-Fernández, María; Santafé Rodrigo, Guzmán; Malanda Trigueros, Armando; Beard, John R.; García Hermoso, Antonio; Izquierdo Redín, Mikel; Ciencias de la Salud; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Osasun Zientziak; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaBackground: The World Health Organization proposed the concept of intrinsic capacity (IC; the composite of all the physical and mental capacities of the individual) as central for healthy ageing. However, little research has investigated the interaction and joint associations of IC with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and CVD mortality in middle- and older-aged adults. Methods: Using data from 443 130 UK Biobank participants, we analysed seven biomarkers capturing the level of functioning of five domains of IC to calculate a total IC score (ranging from 0 [better IC] to +4 points [poor IC]). Associations between IC score and incidence of six long-term CVD conditions (hypertension, stroke/transient ischaemic attack stroke, peripheral vascular disease, atrial fibrillation/flutter, coronary artery disease and heart failure), and grouped mortality from these conditions were estimated using Cox proportional models, with a 1-year landmark analysis to triangulate the findings. Results: Over 10.6 years of follow-up, CVD morbidity grouped (n = 384 380 participants for the final analytic sample) was associated with IC scores (0 to +4): mean hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval, CI] 1.11 [1.08–1.14], 1.20 [1.16–1.24], 1.29 [1.23–1.36] and 1.56 [1.45–1.59] in men (C-index = 0.68), and 1.17 [1.13–1.20], 1.30 [1.26–1.36], 1.52 [1.45–1.59] and 1.78 [1.67–1.89] in women (C-index = 0.70). In regard to mortality, our results indicated that the higher IC score (+4 points) was associated with a significant increase in subsequent CVD mortality (mean HR [95% CI]: 2.10 [1.81–2.43] in men [C-index = 0.75] and 2.29 [1.85–2.84] in women [C-index = 0.78]). Results of all sensitivity analyses by full sample, sex and age categories were largely consistent independent of major confounding factors (P < 0.001). Conclusions: IC deficit score is a powerful predictor of functional trajectories and vulnerabilities of the individual in relation to CVD incidence and premature death. Monitoring an individual's IC score may provide an early-warning system to initiate preventive efforts.Publication Open Access Association of intrinsic capacity with respiratory disease mortality(Elsevier, 2023) Ramírez Vélez, Robinson; Iriarte-Fernández, María; Santafé Rodrigo, Guzmán; Malanda Trigueros, Armando; Beard, John R.; García Hermoso, Antonio; Izquierdo Redín, Mikel; Ciencias de la Salud; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Osasun Zientziak; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenThe World Health Organization (WHO) introduced a framework for healthy aging in 2015 that emphasizes functional ability instead of absence of disease. Healthy ageing is defined as “the process of building and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being”. This framework considers an individual’s intrinsic capacity (IC), environment, and the interaction between them to determine functional ability. In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the link between mortality and various respiratory diseases in almost half a million adults who are part of the UK Biobank. We derived an IC score using measures from 4 of the 5 domains: two for psychological capacity, two for sensory capacity, two for vitality and one for locomotor capacity. The exposure variable in the study was the number of reported factors, which was summed and categorized into IC scores of zero, one, two, three, or at least four. The outcome was respiratory disease-related mortality, which was linked to national mortality records. The follow-up period started from participants’ inclusion in the UK Biobank study (2006–2010) and ended on December 31, 2021, or the participant’s death was censored. The average follow-up was 10.6 years (IQR 10.0; 11.3). During a median follow-up period of 10.6 years, 27,251 deaths were recorded. Out of these, 7.5% (2059) were primarily attributed to respiratory disease. The results showed that a higher IC score (+4 points) was associated with a significantly increased risk of respiratory disease mortality, with HRs of 3.34 [2.64 to 4.23] for men (C-index = 0.83) and 3.87 [2.86 to 5.23] for women (C-index = 0.84), independent of major confounding factors (P < 0.001). Our study provides evidence that lower levels of the WHO’s IC construct are associated with increased risk of mortality and various adverse health outcomes. The IC construct, which is easily and inexpensively measured, holds great promise for transforming geriatric care worldwide, including in regions without established geriatric medicine.Publication Open Access Body composition and resting energy expenditure in a group of children with achondroplasia(Elsevier, 2024) Garde-Etayo, Laura; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Saint-Laurent, Céline; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2Background: Persons with achondroplasia develop early obesity, which is a comorbidity associated with other complications. Currently, there are no validated specific predictive equations to estimate resting energy expenditure in achondroplasia. Methods: We analyzed the influence of body composition on this parameter and determined whether predictive models used for children with standard height are adjusted to achondroplasia. In this cross-sectional study, we measured anthropometric parameters in children with achondroplasia. Fat mass was obtained using the Slaughter skinfold-thickness equation and resting energy expenditure was determined with a Fitmate-Cosmed calorimeter and with predictive models validated for children with average height (Schofield, Institute of Medicine, and Tverskaya). Results: All of the equations yielded a lower mean value than resting energy expenditure with indirect calorimetry (1256±200 kcal/day [mean±SD]) but the closest was the Tverskaya equation (1017 ± 64 kcal/day), although the difference remained statistically significant. We conclude that weight and height have the greatest influence on resting energy expenditure. Conclusion: We recommend studying the relationship between body composition and energy expenditure in achondroplasia in more depth. In the absence of valid predictive models suitable for clinical use to estimate body composition and resting energy expenditure in achondroplasia, it is recommended to use the gold standard methods by taking into account certain anthropometric parameters.Publication Open Access Comparación de la ansiedad en el estudiante de Grado de Enfermería entre diferentes servicios de prácticas asistenciales(Sociedad de Enfermería de Atención Primaria de Asturias, 2024) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2Objetivo: Comparar los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes de cuarto de enfermería en diferentes servicios clínicos de: 'Urgencias-Emergencias', 'Cuidados Intensivos', 'Oncología' y 'Atención Primaria'. Así como analizar si la edad de los estudiantes puede influir en sus niveles de ansiedad. Metodología: Estudio observacional, longitudinal y prospectivo. Participaron 85 estudiantes. Se evaluaron los niveles de ansiedad en tres momentos durante el ciclo de prácticas clínicas: al inicio, durante y al finalizar. Se utilizó el Inventario de ansiedad rasgo-estado (STAI) para medir la ansiedad en cada momento. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de ansiedad entre los servicios de 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria'. En el contexto de 'Urgencias-Emergencias', se percibió un aumento progresivo en la ansiedad estado, mientras que en 'Atención Primaria' se registró una disminución de los niveles de ansiedad rasgo a lo largo del ciclo de prácticas. Se pudo establecer una relación moderada y significativa inversa entre la edad de los estudiantes y sus niveles de ansiedad en el grupo en general. Además, esta relación también se hizo evidente en los entornos de 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria'. Conclusiones: El estudio desvela que los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes de enfermería varían según el contexto clínico. 'Urgencias-Emergencias' generó un aumento progresivo de la ansiedad, mientras que en 'Atención Primaria' parecía actuar como un entorno protector ante la ansiedad. La edad también desempeñó un papel importante, ya que, a nivel general y, concretamente en los contextos 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria', los estudiantes más jóvenes reflejaron mayores niveles de ansiedad.