Artículos de revista DGE - EKS Aldizkari artikuluak
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Publication Open Access BRScS: a hybrid recommendation model fusing multi-source heterogeneous data(SpringerOpen, 2020) Ji, Zhenyan; Yang, Chun; Wang, Huihui; Armendáriz Íñigo, José Enrique; Arce Urriza, Marta; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Gestión de Empresas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Enpresen KudeaketaRecommendation systems are often used to solve the problem of information overload on the Internet. Many types of data can be used for recommendations, and fusing different types of data can make recommendations more accurate. Most existing fusion recommendation models simply combine the recommendation results from different data instead of fully fusing multi-source heterogeneous data to make recommendations. Furthermore, users’ choices are usually affected by their direct and even indirect friends’ preferences. This paper proposes a hybrid recommendation model BRScS (an acronym for BPR-Review-Score-Social). It fully fuses social data, score, and review together; uses improved BPR model to optimize the ranking; and trains them in a joint representation learning framework to get the top-N recommendations. User trust model is used to introduce social relationships into the rating and review data, PV-DBOW model is used to process the review data, and fully connected neural network is used to process the rating data. Experiments on Yelp public dataset show that the BRScS algorithm proposed outperforms other recommendation algorithms such as BRSc, UserCF, and HRSc. The BRScS model is also scalable and can fuse new types of data easily.Publication Open Access Cohort Profile: CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in NAvarra (CARDIANA cohort)(BMJ, 2023) Tamayo Rodríguez, Ibai; Librero, Julián; Galbete Jiménez, Arkaitz; Cambra Contin, Koldo; Enguita Germán, Mónica; Forga, Lluís; Goñi, María José; Lecea, Óscar; Gorricho Mendívil, Javier; Olazarán Santesteban, Álvaro; Arnedo Ajona, Laura; Moreno Iribas, Conchi; Lafita, Javier; Ibáñez Beroiz, Berta; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen KudeaketaPurpose The CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in Navarra (CARDIANA cohort) cohort was established to assess the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 (T2D) diabetes, with a special focus on socioeconomic factors, and to validate and develop cardiovascular risk models for these patients. Participants The CARDIANA cohort included all patients with T1D and T2D diabetes registered in the Public Health Service of Navarra with prevalent disease on 1 January 2012. It consisted of 1067 patients with T1D (ages 2–88 years) and 33842 patients with T2D (ages 20–105 years), whose data were retrospectively extracted from the Health and Administrative System Databases. Findings to date The follow-up period for wave 1 was from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2016. During these 5 years, 9 patients (0.8%; 95%CI (0.4% to 1.6%)) in the T1D cohort developed a cardiovascular disease event, whereas for the T2D cohort, 2602 (7.7%; 95%CI (7.4% to 8.0%)) had an event. For the T2D cohort, physical activity was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events, with adjusted estimated ORs equal to 0.84 (95% CI 0.66 to 1.07) for the partially active group and 0.71 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.91) for the active group, compared with patients in the non-active group. Future plans The CARDIANA cohort is currently being used to assess the effect of sociodemographic risk factors on CV risk at 5 years and to externally validate cardiovascular predictive models. A second wave is being conducted in late 2022 and early 2023, to extend the follow-up other 5 years, from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2021. Periodic data extractions are planned every 5 years.Publication Open Access An extended behavior model for explaining the willingness to pay to reduce the air pollution in road transportation(Elsevier, 2021) Sánchez García, Mercedes; Zouaghi, Ferdaous; Lera López, Fernando; Faulín Fajardo, Javier; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Ekonomia; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Gestión de Empresas; Economía; Estadística, Informática y MatemáticasRoad transportation constitutes a key sector in developed countries, as an essential catalyst for economic and social activities. Nevertheless, it is relevant to emphasize the negative impacts of this activity identified in Economics as negative externalities. At the European Union, road transportation is the main cause of the air pollution impact on the population. Thus, this study explores the factors that influence the willingness to pay (WTP) on behalf of the citizens to reduce air pollution generated by road transport. In doing so, we propose two fundamental theoretical frameworks to explain individual behavior towards the environment actions: the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) models. A questionnaire survey with 1,612 residents was used to collect data in 65 localities located in the Spanish Pyrenees and performing a statistical analysis with the resulting data relied on application of Structural Equation Models (SEM). Moreover, the survey results highlight the importance of psychological aspects as predictors of proenvironmental behaviors. Our empirical results provide a novel contribution about how governments and educational policies can enhance the positive attitude towards environmental actions, unifying the struggle in favor of environmental protection from early childhood.Publication Open Access The hidden value of intangibles: do CEO characteristics matter?(Emerald, 2019) Garcés Galdeano, Lucía; García Olaverri, Carmen; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Gestión de Empresas; Estadística, Informática y MatemáticasPurpose: A great deal of research has examined the relationship between a single CEO attribute and a single measure of firm performance; no attempts have been made to integrate them to create a more global vision of both. Therefore, trying to answer new calls from Wang et al. (2016) or Liu, Fisher and Chen (2018) about a more global vision of the CEO characteristics, the authors are going to take a step forward to combine different CEO characteristics with different firm performance measure in order to show that a certain managerial profile would have an impact on several variables of firm performance. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: Using a sample of 1,236 small firms in high- and medium-high-technology sectors and through the Canonical Correlation Analysis, the authors are able to create different CEO’s profiles that influence on different combinations of firm performance variables. Findings: The authors obtain different CEO’s profiles that influence on different combinations of firm performance variables. Each CEO profile will enhance or diminish one kind of performance measure. The authors found that on the one hand, young, well-educated with external experience CEO profile will enhance innovative performance and firm growth, and on the other hand, old and more internal and external experience CEO profile will enhance the exploitation of external knowledge. Originality/value: Through this analysis, the authors will be able to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the predictions about the role of CEOs in small firms.Publication Open Access How important is family involvement for small companies’ growth?(Emerald, 2020) Garcés Galdeano, Lucía; García Olaverri, Carmen; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Gestión de Empresas; Estadística, Informática y MatemáticasPurpose: Our paper seeks to further understand how family involvement in management influences firm growth. Design/methodology/approach: Using a sample of small high-tech firms, we classify three different types of firms: family firms managed by family-CEOs, family firms managed by non-family CEOs and non-family firms. Findings: Consistent with our expectations, we show that firms managed by family-CEOs have less firm growth in comparison with the other two groups. When the family firm is managed by non-family CEOs, the presence of another family member in management positions has a negative impact on firm growth. Finally, we found that founder-led family firms have better firm growth than descendant-led family firms. Research limitations/implications: Implications for the theory of family firms are discussed. Originality/value: The value of the present study is to analyse in depth the heterogeneity of the family business trying to close the gap by exploring the effect of family involvement on small firm growth. Thus, we will find different behaviours of these family companies, depending on the family member’s presence in management positions.Publication Open Access Sex-dependent effect of socioeconomic status on cardiovascular event risk in a population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes(Oxford University Press, 2024) Enguita Germán, Mónica; Tamayo Rodríguez, Ibai; Librero, Julián; Ballesteros-Domínguez, Asier; Oscoz-Villanueva, Ignacio; Galbete Jiménez, Arkaitz; Arnedo Ajona, Laura; Cambra Contin, Koldo; Gorricho Mendívil, Javier; Moreno Iribas, Conchi; Millán-Ortuondo, Eduardo; Ibáñez Beroiz, Berta; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen KudeaketaBackground: Socioeconomic status (SES) factors often result in profound health inequalities among populations, and their impact may differ between sexes. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare the effect of socioeconomic status indicators on incident cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related events among males and females with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: A population-based cohort from a southern European region including 24,650 patients with T2D was followed for five years. The sex-specific associations between SES indicators and the first occurring CVD event were modeled using multivariate Fine-Gray competing risk models. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and stroke were considered secondary outcomes. Results: Patients without a formal education had a significantly higher risk of CVD than those with a high school or university education, with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) equal to 1.24 (95%CI: 1.09-1.41) for males and 1.50 (95%CI: 1.09-2.06) for females. Patients with <18 000euro income had also higher CVD risk than those with >= 18 000euro, with HRs equal to 1.44 (95%CI: 1.29-1.59) for males and 1.42 (95%CI: 1.26-1.60) for females. Being immigrant showed a HR equal to 0.81 (95%CI: 0.66-0.99) for males and 1.13 (95%CI: 0.68-1.87) for females. Similar results were observed for stroke, but differed for CHD when income is used, which had higher effect in females. Conclusion: Socioeconomic inequalities in CVD outcomes are present among T2D patients, and their magnitude for educational attainment is sex-dependent, being higher in females, suggesting the need to consider them when designing tailored primary prevention and management strategies.Publication Open Access El tamaño de las empresas y la calidad del recurso empresarial: ¿causa o efecto?(Gobierno Vasco, 2016) Huerta Arribas, Emilio; García Olaverri, Carmen; Garcés Galdeano, Lucía; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta MatematikaEste artículo explora las posibles causas de la heterogeneidad observada en la productividad de las empresas españolas, buscando un vínculo entre la calidad de gestión y el tamaño empresarial en el contexto de las empresas españolas. Los resultados indican que existe una relación positiva entre la calidad y el tamaño empresarial. Esta calidad empresarial, medida a través de diferentes indicadores (nivel educativo, competencias y capacidades profesionales así como el nivel de implantación de prácticas avanzadas de gestión), está relacionada con la gestión de la empresa y con la orientación estratégica de la misma, que juntas influyen también sobre su tamaño. Por lo tanto, la mejora de la gestión empresarial, avanzando hacia el profesionalismo, permitirá a las empresas diseñar las estrategias y estructuras internas necesarias para facilitar su adaptación al entorno empresarial y lograr así mejores resultados.