Artículos de revista DABA - ABES Aldizkari artikuluak

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Browsing Artículos de revista DABA - ABES Aldizkari artikuluak by Subject "Abiotic stress"

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Agronomic and metabolomic side-effects of a divergent selection for indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate content in kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala)
    (MDPI, 2021) Poveda Arias, Jorge; Velasco, Pablo; Haro, Antonio de; Johansen, Tor J.; McAlvay, Alex C.; Möllers, Christian; Mølmann, Jorgen A.B.; Ordiales, Elena; Rodríguez, Víctor Manuel; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura
    Brassica oleracea var. acephala (kale) is a cruciferous vegetable widely cultivated for its leaves and flower buds in Europe and a food of global interest as a 'superfood'. Brassica crops accumulate phytochemicals called glucosinolates (GSLs) which play an important role in plant defense against biotic stresses. Studies carried out to date suggest that GSLs may have a role in the adaptation of plants to different environments, but direct evidence is lacking. We grew two kale populations divergently selected for high and low indol-3-ylmethylGSL (IM) content (H-IM and L-IM, respectively) in different environments and analyzed agronomic parameters, GSL profiles and metabolomic profile. We found a significant increase in fresh and dry foliar weight in H-IM kale populations compared to L-IM in addition to a greater accumulation of total GSLs, indole GSLs and, specifically, IM and 1-methoxyindol-3-ylmethylGSL (1MeOIM). Metabolomic analysis revealed a significant different concentration of 44 metabolites in H-IM kale populations compared to L-IM. According to tentative peak identification from MS interpretation, 80% were phenolics, including flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin and anthocyanin derivates, including acyl flavonoids), chlorogenic acids (esters of hydroxycinnamic acids and quinic acid), hydroxycinnamic acids (ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid) and coumarins. H-IM kale populations could be more tolerant to diverse environmental conditions, possibly due to GSLs and the associated metabolites with predicted antioxidant potential.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    The Urea cycle in connection to polyamine metabolism in higher plants: new perspectives on a central pathway
    (Wiley, 2025-01-13) Buezo Bravo, Javier; Urra, Marina; González García, Esther; Alcázar, Rubén; Marino Bilbao, Daniel; Morán Juez, José Fernando; Ciencias; Zientziak; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology - IMAB; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
    The ornithine-urea cycle is a biochemical pathway primarily found in animals, where it plays a crucial role in the re-assimilation of ammonium and the removal of excess nitrogen in the form of urea. In lower photosynthetic eukaryotes, it contributes to metabolic responses during episodes of high nitrogen availability. In higher plants, although historically overlooked, compelling evidence indicates the pivotal role of the urea cycle in different aspects of plant physiology and metabolism. In particular, it is associated with the metabolism of polyamines during stress. Unlike in animals and lower photosynthetic eukaryotes, in higher plants, the urea cycle is not complete due to the lack of the carbamoyl phosphate synthase-I enzyme that incorporates ammonium into the cycle. Higher plants only possess a type-II carbamoyl phosphate synthase-II that introduces glutamine into the cycle, which is also metabolically linked to arginine and polyamine metabolism. Putrescine accumulation is a metabolic hallmark of different types of abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, ammonium stress, iron and phosphorus deficiency, and low temperatures. Notably, the exogenous application of polyamines, such as putrescine or spermine, enhances tolerance to abiotic stress, a process in which the free radical nitric oxide appears to play a role. Overall, this review article attempts to bring together the current knowledge on the functionality of the constituent enzymes and metabolites of the urea cycle and discuss the importance of this pathway in relation to the metabolism of polyamine in higher plants.