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Open Access
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the caregiver contribution to self-care of diabetes inventory (CC-SCODI)
(MDPI, 2025-04-12) Martínez Tofé, Jesús; Santolalla-Arnedo, Iván; Gea-Caballero, Vicente; Durante, Ángela; Martínez-Sabater, Antonio; Sánchez Barba, Mercedes; Di Nitto, Marco; Sánchez-Conde, Pilar; Gónzalez-Fernández, Silvia; Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernández, Regina; Juárez-Vela, Raúl; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Background: The Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (CC-SCODI) is an instrument grounded in the middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness. It is designed to measure how caregivers support individuals with diabetes mellitus in carrying out self-care activities. Effective tools are essential for clinicians and researchers to evaluate factors influencing self-care, including caregivers’ contributions. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Spanish translation of the CC-SCODI. Methods: A total of 201 caregivers of individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were recruited for participation in this cross-sectional study. Participants were selected through convenience sampling at a university hospital. Before administration, the survey questions were translated and culturally adapted to ensure appropriateness for both patients and caregivers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the CC-SCODI subscales using models fitted to the relevant indices. Results: The initial construction of the four-dimensional tool was verified. The internal consistency of the four subscales was assessed using Cronbach’s α to measure the caregiver contribution to patients’ self-care maintenance (α = 0.725), self-care monitoring (α = 0.728), self-care management (α = 0.729), and caregiver self-efficacy in contributing to patient self-care (α = 0.921). Model fit indices demonstrated a chi-square value of 1.028 with 773 degrees of freedom. CFA indicated an excellent model fit, confirming the reliability and validity of the proposed structure. Conclusions: The internal consistency and reliability of the Spanish version of the CC-SCODI were deemed adequate. Due to its strong psychometric properties, this instrument is considered appropriate for evaluating the contribution of caregivers to the self-care behaviors of Spanish-speaking individuals with diabetes.
Open Access
Suicidal behaviours in people seeking treatment for substance use disorder
(Elsevier, 2025-03-13) Leza González, Leire; López-Goñi, José Javier; Arteaga Olleta, Alfonso; Sánchez Torres, Ana María; Fernández-Montalvo, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Little is known about the specific characteristics of suicidal behaviour in people receiving treatment for substance use disorder (SUD). The aim of this study was to describe the number and types of suicide attempts and the methods used by 215 patients with SUD, according to sex. A face to face interview (Columbia Scale Severity Rate) was conducted. Lifetime suicidal ideation was reported by 48.8 % (n = 105) of the patients, and lifetime suicide attempts by 28.4 % (n = 61). Forty-five patients reported actual suicide attempts (20.9 %), and overdose was the most common method used (52.5 %; n = 32). Women had more aborted attempts than men did. Most of the participants who attempted suicide made only one attempt (n = 34; 55.7 %). The projection of these figures is alarming. These results justify the need to integrate suicide prevention interventions into addiction treatment programmes.
Open Access
Easy-to-use guidelines on protein intake and physical activity recommendations derived from the COGFRAIL study and the Toulouse Frailty Clinic
(MDPI, 2025-04-08) Peyrusqué, Eva; Abellan van Kan, Gabor; Alvarez Rodriguez, Patricia; Martínez Velilla, Nicolás; Soriano, Gaelle; Baziard, Marion; González-Bautista, Emmanuel; Sourdet, Sandrine; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Background/Objectives: In primary care, tailored physical activity and nutritional counselling are scarce for older adults. Several challenges contribute to this issue, the primary obstacle being limited access to expert healthcare providers. The purpose of this study was to propose a quick, easy-to-implement case-finding tool offering straightforward nutritional and physical activity counselling to overcome these barriers. Methods: Crosssectional, baseline analysis was performed on 277 participants of the Cognitive Function and Amyloid Marker in Frail Older Adults (COGFRAIL) study, aged 70 years and older with mild cognitive impairment (mini-mental state examination score ≥ 20) and autonomy in daily living activities (ADL ≥ 4). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, physical function was assessed using the short physical performance battery (SPPB), and nutrition was assessed using the mini nutritional assessment (MNA). A structured dietary interview was conducted to collect data on a typical daily intake pattern. A second database of 725 autonomous frail older adults from the Frailty clinic was used to test the robustness of the findings. Results: Participants with MNA scores < 24/30 and SPPB scores < 6/12 presented a high percentage of protein (74.1%) and caloric (66.7%) deficiency compared to the other categories. Based on standard daily protein and caloric recommendations, age, and weight, this category had a daily protein-caloric deficit of −19.4 ± 22.7 g and −225.5 ± 430.1 Kcal. Conclusions: Based on the data, an easy-to-use algorithm using MNA and SPPB scores is suggested. This algorithm could serve as an effective tool for guiding nutritional and physical activity counselling for communitydwelling older adults.
Open Access
The effect of mindfulness interventions on couple relationship satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(American Psychological Association, 2025) Voldstad, Andreas; Zeas Sigüenza, Ananda; Skolzkov, Anton; Walthaug, Mari; Montero Marín, Jesús; Kuyken, Willem; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Objective: Mindfulness interventions (MIs) train nonjudgmental attention to present-moment experience and aim to improve mental health and well-being. The evidence for their effect on interpersonal relationships is promising but uncertain. This study examines the effect of MIs on couple relationship satisfaction (RS). Method: Randomized controlled trials of MIs including RS were selected based on systematic searches in Web of Science, PubMed, APA PsycInfo, Embase, Cochrane Central, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. We applied three-level meta-analysis with robust variance estimation to pool effects and multimodel approaches to explore moderators. Results: We calculated 90 effect sizes (k) nested within 28 studies (K) including 6,097 participants in a couple relationship. MIs had a significant medium effect on RS with high heterogeneity (g = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [0.16, 1.04], I2 = 97 [95, 99]). The effect on RS was influenced by extreme outliers (e.g., g up to 7.48). Removing outliers resulted in a significant small effect with low heterogeneity (g = 0.21 [0.11, 0.31], I2 = 25 [0, 67], k = 85, K = 26). Effects were moderated by intervention length, baseline satisfaction, and risk of bias. There were significant effects for both clinical and community samples. The certainty of the evidence is very low due to inconsistency, imprecision, risk of bias, and suspicion of publication bias. Generalization is limited by insufficient reporting. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates that MIs have a consistent small effect on RS, but the quality of evidence points to the need for program theory and rigorous methodology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
Open Access
Formalize clinical processes into electronic health information systems: modelling a screening service for diabetic retinopathy
(Elsevier, 2015-06-14) Eguzkitza Diego, Aitor; Trigo Vilaseca, Jesús Daniel; Martínez de Espronceda Cámara, Miguel; Serrano Arriezu, Luis Javier; Andonegui Navarro, José; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Most healthcare services use information and communication technologies to reduce and redistribute the workload associated with follow-up of chronic conditions. However, the lack of normalization of the information handled in and exchanged between such services hinders the scalability and extendibility. The use of medical standards for modelling and exchanging information, especially dual-model based approaches, can enhance the features of screening services. Hence, the approach of this paper is twofold. First, this article presents a generic methodology to model patient-centered clinical processes. Second, a proof of concept of the proposed methodology was conducted within the diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening service of the Health Service of Navarre (Spain) in compliance with a specific dual-model norm (openEHR). As a result, a set of elements required for deploying a model-driven DR screening service has been established, namely: clinical concepts, archetypes, termsets, templates, guideline definition rules, and user interface definitions. This model fosters reusability, because those elements are available to be downloaded and integrated in any healthcare service, and interoperability, since from then on such services can share information seamlessly.
Open Access
Effects of time-restricted eating and resistance training on skeletal muscle tissue quantity, quality and function in postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity: a study protocol
(Elsevier, 2024-12-30) Alfaro-Magallanes, Víctor Manuel; Medrano Echeverría, María; Echarte Medina, Jon; Osés Recalde, Maddi; Izquierdo Rodríguez, Claudia; Concepción Álvarez, Mara de la Caridad; Galbete Jiménez, Arkaitz; Idoate, Fernando; Zugasti Murillo, Ana; Petrina Jáuregui, María Estrella; Goñi Gironés, María Elena; Ribelles, María Jesús; Amasene, María; Arenaza Etxeberría, Lide; Tejada Garrido, Clara Isabel; Elejalde, E.; Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Ruiz Sarrias, Oskitz; Sayar-Beristain, Onintza; García-Ramos, Amador; Martínez Labari, Cristina; Armendáriz Brugos, Cristina; Villanueva Larre, Arantxa; Ruiz Ruiz, Jonatan; Cabeza Laguna, Rafael; Labayen Goñi, Idoia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Background & aims: time-restricted eating (TRE) shows promise for weight loss and improving menopauserelated body composition and cardiometabolic health, but its effects on skeletal muscle tissue (SMT) in postmenopausal women are unknown. This study investigates the effects of three weight loss interventions over 12 weeks on SMT quantity, quality, function, and cardiometabolic health in postmenopausal women with overweight/obesity, with effects persistence evaluated at a 12-month follow-up. Methods and results: in this randomized controlled trial, 78 postmenopausal women (50–65 years; BMI 25–40 kg/m2; sedentary lifestyle; eating window ≥12 h/day; no severe metabolic impairments) will be recruited. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups for 12 weeks: TRE, TRE + resistance training, or CR + resistance training. The TRE groups will reduce their eating window to 8 h and receive nutritional advice to adhere to a Mediterranean diet. The CR group will follow a personalized hypocaloric diet (− 500 kcal/day). Resistance training groups will perform supervised resistance training 3 times/week. Primary Outcome: Change in SMT quantity measured by MRI at baseline and after 12 weeks. Secondary Outcomes: intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), strength, power, body weight and composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusion: this study will illustrate the effects of TRE and TRE combined with resistance exercise compared with the currently recommended obesity-lifestyle treatment on SMT quantity, quality, function, and cardiometabolic markers. The results will offer insights into dietary strategies to combat obesity and metabolic diseases without increasing sarcopenia risk in postmenopausal women, a sparsely studied and particularly affected population.
Open Access
Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic on the global health needs of young children: a cross-sectional study
(Gobierno de Navarra, 2025-01-31) Elizalde Beiras, Itsaso; López de Dicastillo Sáinz de Murieta, Olga; Andueza-Wood, Hazel Helen; Sola Cía, Sara; Lozano-Ochoa, Cristina; Mujika Zabaleta, Agurtzane; Hernantes Colias, Naia; Pereda Goikoetxea, Beatriz; Antoñanzas Baztán, Elena; Pumar Méndez, María Jesús; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Fundamento. Este estudio transversal tiene como objetivo eva-luar las necesidades globales de salud de la población infantil de 2 a 6 años y determinar si las características sociodemográficas producen diferencias en las necesidades de salud de los niños observadas después de la pandemia de COVID-19.Métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en tres regiones del nor-te de España con ingresos similares. Los participantes se selec-cionaron mediante muestreo cluster de un paso. El cuestionario auto respondido por los padres Necesidades de salud de la Pobla-ción Infantil evaluó las necesidades de salud mediante siete di-mensiones y 125 ítems.Resultados. Un total de 301 progenitores/cuidadores completa-ron el cuestionario. Las dimensiones autoeficacia parental, aseso-ramiento profesional, aspectos socioemocionales del niño e influencia situacional alcanzaron las puntuaciones más altas, mientras que aspectos socioemocionales de los padres, estilo de vida, promoción de estilos de vida saludables e influencia de personas significativas re-cibieron las puntuaciones más bajas (mayores necesidades). Las necesidades relacionadas con el estilo de vida se vieron afecta-das por la falta de acceso a profesionales de la salud y con mayor intensidad cuando los niños tenían una discapacidad.Conclusiones. El resultado de este estudio podría enriquecer la planificación de estrategias, programas e intervenciones para pro-mover la salud infantil, cubriendo las necesidades identificadas.
Open Access
Reducción del miedo al entorno sanitario en niños usando espacios simulados: un ensayo controlado aleatorizado
(Elsevier, 2024-04-10) Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; García Vivar, Cristina; Ferraz Torres, Marta; Saralegui Gainza, Amaia; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad de una intervención que implicó interacciones dentro de un espacio de atención sanitaria simulado para reducir el miedo al entorno sanitario entre los niños de educación infantil. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental en el que participaron a 86 niños, divididos en los grupos intervención (GI) y control (GC), con medidas antes y después de la intervención. Esta última, denominada Programa Health-Friendly, consistió en enseñar a los niños diversos escenarios que simularon diferentes contextos sanitarios, para que pudieran interactuar en ellos, experimentar con los materiales y realizar preguntas. El miedo al entorno sanitario fue evaluado mediante la versión en español revisada de Child Medical Fear Scale (CMFS-R), que proporciona una puntuación al nivel de miedo al entorno sanitario que fluctúa de 0 a 34 puntos. Los niveles de miedo al entorno sanitario antes y después de la prueba en los grupos intervención y control fueron comparados mediante la prueba t de Student. Resultados: Los niños del GI experimentaron una reducción significativa del miedo de 3,21 puntos (desviación estándar [DE]: 6,50) en comparación con los niños del GC. Dicha reducción del miedo se reflejó en las cuatro dimensiones de la escala: miedos intrapersonales, miedos procedimentales, miedos ambientales y miedos interpersonales. Conclusión: El Programa Health-Friendly proporciona una intervención innovadora para reducir el miedo al entorno sanitario entre los niños, basada en información, estrategias de confrontación y escenarios de simulación. Este estudio sugiere el beneficio potencial de incorporar intervenciones educativas en las escuelas, en colaboración con los centros universitarios y los centros de simulación de la atención sanitaria.
Open Access
Variability of professional soccer players' perceived match load after successive matches
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-12-17) Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
This study analyses the differential perceived match load accumulated by professional soccer players depending on their: (a) participation in several consecutive official matches within the same week (Pre_Cup, Cup, and Post_Cup), and (b) total match participation time (i.e. 90 min, 70¿90 min and < 70 min). Participants were 21 Spanish Second Division professional soccer players (M age = 27.1, SD = 3.3 years; M body height = 182.1, SD = 3.9 cm; M body mass = 75.8, SD = 5.14 kg). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in dRPE-ML among Pre_Cup, Cup and Post_Cup matches or in dRPE-ML between teams that took part in two or three official matches within the same week or three official matches in 2-4 consecutive weeks. The results suggest that participating in several matches in the same week does not increase accumulated perceived exertion for professional soccer players.
Open Access
Are acceleration and cardiovascular capacities related to perceived load in professional soccer players?
(Taylor & Francis, 2019-07-21) Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Jiménez Reyes, Pedro; Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
This study aims at assessing physical fitness performance and its relationship with the differential ratings of perceived exertion of training load (dRPE TL) and match load (dRPE ML) in a Spanish professional soccer team at the beginning of several in-season periods: 1-4 weeks, 5-8 weeks and 1-8 weeks. Performance and mechanical variables over the acceleration phase, as well as cardiovascular performance variables were evaluated in 20 male professional soccer players of a team competing in the Spanish Second Division League. Moreover, dRPE TL and dRPE ML were quantified. The dRPE TL showed negative and large associations between both maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (from r = -0.53; ± 0.06 to r = -0.53; ± 0.05 95% CL, p = 0.035 to 0.036) and RPEres TL values throughout the 5-8 and 1-8 week periods. Furthermore, dRPE ML positive and large associations were found between players initial MAS or VO2max (from r = 0.50; ± 0.17 to r = 0.56; ± 0.11 95% CL, p = 0.026 to 0.049) and RPEmus ML in 1-4 and 1-8 week periods. The current study suggests that a better cardiovascular capacity could be connected with a lower RPEres TL and higher RPEmus ML.
Open Access
Extracellular vesicles in atherosclerosis: current and forthcoming impact
(Elsevier, 2025-03-13) Páramo, José A.; Cenarro, Ana; Civeira, Fernando; Roncal Mancho, Carmen; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
La aterosclerosis es el principal sustrato patogénico de las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Considerada inicialmente como un depósito pasivo de colesterol, hoy se asume que es un proceso activo, donde la inflamación juega un papel clave en su inicio y progresión. A pesar de los avances realizados, los pacientes con ECV presentan alto riesgo de episodios trombóticos y elevada mortalidad, por lo que sigue siendo necesario profundizar en los mecanismos de la aterogénesis e identificar nuevos biomarcadores diagnósticos y pronósticos para estratificar el riesgo. En este sentido, se ha postulado que las vesículas extracelulares (EV) podrían representar nuevos biomarcadores de la enfermedad aterosclerótica, siendo de interés investigar su participación en la comunicación intercelular que favorece el remodelado arterial. Las EV son partículas lipídicas liberadas por numerosas células en condiciones fisiológicas y patológicas, que contienen lípidos, proteínas y ácidos nucleicos procedentes de las células parentales. Consideradas inicialmente como material de desecho, hoy se sabe que son efectores activos de numerosos procesos celulares, constituyendo biomarcadores potenciales con significado diagnóstico y pronóstico en la ECV. En esta revisión se sintetiza el papel de las EV como biomarcadores potenciales de las ECV y su participación en procesos que favorecen la aterosclerosis.
Open Access
Influence of match playing time and the length of the between-match microcycle in Spanish professional soccer players' perceived training load
(Taylor & Francis, 2017-10-07) Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Objectives: To analyse the weekly differentiated perceived training load (dRPE-TL) accumulated during the in-season competitive period by professional soccer players depending on: (1) their participation during the previous official match (i.e., ¿45 min; <45 min; 0 min) and (2) the length of the between-match microcycle (8, 7, and 6 days). Methods: Twenty-one Spanish Second Division professional soccer players (age = 26.7 ± 3.1 years; body height = 182.1 ± 4.5 cm; body mass = 76.6 ± 5.6 kg) participated in this study. Weekly dRPE-TL data were collected over a 16-week in-season period during the 2015±2016 season from August to December. After each session, players reported their rating of respiratory (sRPEres) and muscular (sRPEmus) perceived exertions (training load [TL] = sRPE·volume). Results: After the application of the mixed linear model, significant differences (P< 0.01) were only found in the differentiated perceived TL measured each week for the groups specified regarding match participation time. Conclusions: Previous match participation had a substantial effect on players' accumulated weekly TLs, with greater match participation associated with higher weekly loads regardless of compensatory training strategies. However, the length of the between-match microcycle during 1-match weeks had no effecton players¿ accumulated weekly workloads.
Open Access
New insights from GWAS on BMI-related growth traits in a longitudinal cohort of admixed children with Native American and European ancestry
(Cell Press, 2023-02-17) Vicuña, Lucas; Barrientos, Esteban; Norambuena, Tomás; Alvares, Danilo; Gana, Juan Cristóbal; Leiva-Yamaguchi, Valeria; Meza, Cristian; Santos Martín, José Luis; Mericq, Verónica; Pereira, Ana; Eyheramendy, Susana; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Body-mass index (BMI) is a hallmark of adiposity. In contrast with adulthood, the genetic architecture of BMI during childhood is poorly understood. The few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on children have been performed almost exclusively in Europeans and at single ages. We performed cross-sectional and longitudinal GWAS for BMI-related traits on 904 admixed children with mostly Mapuche Native American and European ancestries. We found regulatory variants of the immune gene HLA-DQB3 strongly associated with BMI at 1:5 2:5 years old. A variant in the sex-determining gene DMRT1 was associated with the age at adiposity rebound (Age-AR) in girls (P = 9:8 3 10 9). BMI was significantly higher in Mapuche than in Europeans between 5.5 and 16.5 years old. Finally, Age-AR was significantly lower (P = 0:004) by 1.94 years and BMI at AR was significantly higher (P = 0:04) by 1.2 kg/m2, in Mapuche children compared with Europeans.
Open Access
Differentiated perceived match load and its variability according to playing position in professional soccer players during an entire season
(University of Zagreb, 2020-04-20) Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
The aims were to assess differentiated perceived match exertion and its variability according to playing position for professional soccer players. Nineteen Spanish players declared their respiratory and muscular perceived exertions after official matches during an entire season. Players were classified according to their playing position. In order to assess differentiated perceived match exertion, soccer players were asked to assess their perceived level of exertion following each official match. Considerable differences (p<0.05; ES = 0.41-2.49) were found between some playing positions. Furthermore, match-to-match differentiated perceived match exertion variability ranged from 12.8 to 27.7% for respiratory perceived exertion and from 11.5 to 25.2% for muscular perceived exertion according to playing position. Match respiratory-muscular perceived exertion differences varied among the playing positions, showing higher muscular perceived exertion than respiratory perceived exertion in central backs, wide midfielders and central midfielders (p<0.05; ES =-0.35 to 0.68), but higher respiratory perceived exertion than muscular perceived exertion in wing backs (p<0.05; ES =-0.35). Soccer match is different inter and intra some playing positions, showing large swings for match-to-match variability between playing positions. These facts confirm that the deconstruction of the overall perceived exertion provides a more accurate evaluation of the subjective match internal load in some playing positions.
Open Access
Efectos del entrenamiento compuesto íntegramente por tareas de fútbol en el rendimiento neuromuscular y cardiovascular de futbolistas amateurs
(Asociación Didáctica Andalucía (D.A.A.), 2018-12-01) Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Los objetivos de este estudio fueron, por un lado, valorar la capacidad de aceleración (SP20m y SP30m), la capacidad de cambiar de dirección (CODA, 505 test) y la capacidad cardiovascular (test de la Universidad de Montreal, UMT) en futbolistas amateurs que competían en Tercera División (TD) y Regional Preferente (RP) del fútbol español, y por otro, analizar la evolución de la condición física durante el periodo competitivo (septiembre noviembre; 12 semanas de liga). Veinticuatro jugadores de fútbol amateur de un mismo club pero de distinto nivel competitivo (TD y RP) participaron en el estudio (19,78 ± 1,24 años, 76,05 ± 8,77 kg, 1,79 ± 0,07 m, 23,57 ± 1,85 kg/m2 ). Los futbolistas no completaron ningún contenido específico de preparación física en las sesiones de entrenamiento. Después de las 12 semanas de entrenamiento, no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0,05, TE < 0,55, trivial-bajo) en la aceleración en línea recta (SP20m y SP30m) y CODA (505) en ninguno de los grupos (TD o RP) ni en el conjunto de los grupos (total). Sin embargo, los valores de velocidad aeróbica máxima (VAM) y consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2max) estimado (p < 0,05 o p < 0,01, TE = 0,52-0,70, bajo-moderado) fueron superiores de manera significativa y sustancial tanto en el total de los jugadores como en cada uno de los grupos (TD y RP). El cuerpo técnico debería implementar contenidos específicos de preparación física con el objetivo de mejorar la dimensión neuromuscular del futbolista amateur.
Open Access
Differential methylation pattern in pubertal girls associated with biochemical premature adrenarche
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-04-13) Ponce, Diana; Rodríguez, Fernando; Miranda, José Patricio; Binder, Alexandra M.; Santos Martín, José Luis; Michels, Karin B.; Cutler, Gordon B.; Pereira, Ana; Íñiguez, Germán; Mericq, Verónica; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Biochemical premature adrenarche is defined by elevated serum DHEAS [≥40 μg/dL] before age 8 y in girls. This condition is receiving more attention due to its association with obesity, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Nevertheless, the link between early androgen excess and these risk factors remains unknown. Epigenetic modifications, and specifically DNA methylation, have been associated with the initiation and progression of numerous disorders, including obesity and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to determine if prepubertal androgen exposure is associated with a different methylation profile in pubertal girls. Eighty-six healthy girls were studied. At age 7 y, anthropometric measurements were begun and DHEAS levels were determined. Girls were classified into Low DHEAS (LD) [<42 μg/dL] and High DHEAS (HD) [≥42 μg/dL] groups. At Tanner stages 2 and 4 a DNA methylation microarray was performed to identify differentially methylated CpG positions (DMPs) between HD and LD groups. We observed a differential methylation pattern between pubertal girls with and without biochemical PA. Moreover, a set of DNA methylation markers, selected by the LASSO method, successfully distinguished between HD and LD girls regardless of Tanner stage. Additionally, a subset of these markers were significantly associated with glucose-related measures such as insulin level, HOMA-IR, and glycaemia. This pilot study provides evidence consistent with the hypothesis that high DHEAS concentration, or its hormonally active metabolites, may induce a unique blood methylation signature in pubertal girls, and that this methylation pattern is associated with altered glucose metabolism.
Open Access
Análisis de la capacidad de realizar esprines repetidos con y sin cambio de dirección en futbolistas profesionales
(Universidad de Murcia, 2017-01-15) Yanci Irigoyen, Javier; Azcárate Jiménez, Unai Xabier; Los Arcos Larumbe, Asier; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar la capacidad de realizar esprines repetidos en línea recta (RSA) y esprines repetidos con cambio de dirección de 100º (RCODA) en jugadores de fútbol profesionales. En el estudio participaron 18 jugadores de fútbol. El tiempo empleado en realizar el RCODA en la distancia de 15 y 30 m fue significativamente mayor (p < 0,01, d =1,29-4,11) que el empleado en RSA de 15 o 30 m. Sin embargo, el índice de fatiga tanto en 15 m (IF15 m) como en 30 m (IF30 m) no fue significativamente distinto entre el RSA y el RCODA (p > 0,05, d = 0,18-0,43). A pesar de que la asociación entre el RSA y RCODA fue alta o muy alta y muy probable en la mayor parte de los esprines, en el mejor registro y en el tiempo total, la asociación obtenida en el IF15 m y en el IF30 m fue baja o moderada y no significativa.
Open Access
Circulating citric acid cycle metabolites and risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED study
(Elsevier, 2023-01-12) Santos Martín, José Luis; Ruiz Canela, Miguel; Razquin, Cristina; Clish, Clary B.; Guasch-Ferré, Marta; Babio, Nancy; Corella, Dolores; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Fiol, Miquel; Estruch, Ramón; Lapetra, José; Fitó, Montserrat; Aros, Fernando; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Liang, Liming; Martínez, María Ángeles; Toledo, Estefanía; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Hu, Frank B.; Martínez González, Miguel Ángel; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Background and aim: Plasma citric acid cycle (CAC) metabolites might be likely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, studies assessing the longitudinal associations between circulating CAC-related metabolites and CVD risk are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of baseline and 1-year levels of plasma CAC-related metabolites with CVD incidence (a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death), and their interaction with Mediterranean diet interventions. Methods and results: Case-cohort study from the PREDIMED trial involving participants aged 55¿80 years at high cardiovascular risk, allocated to MedDiets or control diet. A subcohort of 791 participants was selected at baseline, and a total of 231 cases were identified after a median follow-up of 4.8 years. Nine plasma CAC-related metabolites (pyruvate, lactate, citrate, aconitate, isocitrate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, fumarate, malate and succinate) were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Weighted Cox multiple regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). Baseline fasting plasma levels of 3 metabolites were associated with higher CVD risk, with HRs (for each standard deviation, 1-SD) of 1.46 (95%CI:1.20¿1.78) for 2-hydroxyglutarate, 1.33 (95%CI:1.12-1.58) for fumarate and 1.47 (95%CI:1.21¿1.78) for malate (p of linear trend <0.001 for all). A higher risk of CVD was also found for a 1-SD increment of a combined score of these 3 metabolites (HR = 1.60; 95%CI: 1.32-1.94, p trend <0.001). This result was replicated using plasma measurements after one-year. No interactions were detected with the nutritional intervention. Conclusion: Plasma 2-hydroxyglutarate, fumarate and malate levels were prospectively associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
Open Access
Plasma insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) and IGF-II/IGF-I ratio in a Chilean case of Doege-Potter syndrome
(Sociedad Médica de Santiago, 2023) Tobar, Hugo E.; Ibaceta, Rodrigo; Figueroa, Ana-María; Quiñones, Verónica; Íñiguez, Germán; Salman, Patricio; Serrano, Valentina; Salinas, Lorena; Santos Martín, José Luis; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Introducción: el síndrome de Doege-Potter es una rara entidad clínica caracterizada por eventos hipoglicémicos recurrentes causados por tumores no-pancreáticos que secretan una forma incompletamente procesada con alto peso molecular del factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina-II (IGF-II). Objetivo: reportar los niveles circulantes de IGF-II e IGF-I en un caso chileno de síndrome de Doege-Potter y en controles, así como identificar la forma de alto peso molecular de IGF-II. Métodos: los niveles plasmáticos de IGF-II e IGF-I se determinaron mediante inmunoensayos de tipo ELISA en el caso índice y en 10 controles. La forma de alto peso molecular de IGF-II se identificó mediante western-blot. Resultados: la concentración plasmática de IGF-II en el paciente fue de 868,9 ng/mL, que es sólo ligeramente superior al percentil 80 del grupo control (681,4 ± 212,8 ng/mL; media ± desviación estándar). Sin embargo, la concentración plasmática de IGF-I en el paciente fue de 17,6 ng/ mL, que es notoriamente inferior a la de los controles (109,1 ± 19,1 ng/mL). La razón IGF-II/IGF-I en el paciente fue de 49,4 (valor normal < 10), que es 7,8 veces superior a la media de los controles (6,3 ± 1,5). La presencia de la forma de alto peso molecular de IGF-II se confirmó mediante western-blot. Conclusiones: la razón IGF-II/IGF-I en plasma es un mejor indicador de las alteraciones metabólicas del síndrome de Doege-Potter que las mediciones aisladas de IGF-II o IGF-I circulantes.
Open Access
Relation between body composition trajectories from childhood to adolescence and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk
(MDPI, 2024-03-09) Alberti, Gigliola; Faune, Mariana; Santos Martín, José Luis; De Barbieri, Florencia; García, Cristián; Pereira, Ana; Becerra, Fernando; Gana, Juan Cristóbal; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
NAFLD has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children, as a direct consequence of the high prevalence of childhood obesity. This study aimed to characterize body composition trajectories from childhood to adolescence and their association with the risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) during adolescence. The participants were part of the 'Chilean Growth and Obesity Cohort Study', comprising 784 children who were followed prospectively from age 3 years. Annual assessments of nutritional status and body composition were conducted, with ultrasound screening for NAFLD during adolescence revealing a 9.8% prevalence. Higher waist circumference measures were associated with NAFLD from age 3 years (p = 0.03), all skin folds from age 4 years (p < 0.01), and DXA body fat measurements from age 12 years (p = 0.01). The fat-free mass index was higher in females (p = 0.006) but not in males (p = 0.211). The second and third tertiles of the fat mass index (FMI) had odds ratios for NAFLD during adolescence of 2.19 (1.48-3.25, 95% CI) and 6.94 (4.79-10.04, 95% CI), respectively. Elevated waist circumference, skin folds, and total body fat were identified as risk factors for future NAFLD development. A higher FMI during childhood was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD during adolescence.