Open Access
Open social innovation: an approach to public organizations
(IGI Global, 2019) Erro Garcés, Amaya; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Open Access
The power of persuasion: exploring the relationship between advertising and nuclear energy in Spain
(Emerald, 2024-12-09) Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Rubio Varas, María del Mar; Torre Campo, Joseba de la; Economía; Ekonomia; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PJUPNA2023–11931
Purpose: this study aims to examine how the nuclear energy issue was used for advertising purposes at the dawn of the atomic era in Spain. Design/methodology/approach: newspapers and magazines from the atomic era were reviewed to assess the impact of nuclear energy on advertising campaigns for all kinds of unrelated products. This study interprets the message and information contained in several marketing campaigns from the detonation of the first nuclear bomb in 1945 until the inauguration of the first nuclear facility in Spain in 1968. Findings: private companies leapt at the chance to use the new technology, with its promises of a brighter future, to promote their products, including watches, Venetian blinds, anisette, chocolates, pencils and fountain pens, spa resorts, books and encyclopaedias, laundry detergents, pressure cookers, concentrate feeds and hair restorers. This study makes a major contribution to the history of marketing literature, focusing on nuclear energy as an influential agent in industry, advertising agencies and popular culture. It shows how advertising campaigns used terms such as 'nuclear', 'atomic' and 'atomic bomb' and images of mushroom clouds or atom symbols to denote modernity and allure and explores how government policies - in this case, concerning nuclear energy - can influence marketers and advertisers. Originality/value: the paper's originality stems from its analysis of Spanish advertisements to explore marketing history through the terms and imagery associated with nuclear energy and its industry. It further contributes to the understanding of how nuclear energy is represented and conceptualised for various purposes in popular culture.
Open Access
e-Bridge to mobility: a non-formal online learning European platform
(Information Science Reference, 2012) Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Galarza-Lanz, Juan Ramón; Mañas-Larraz, Marta; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
e-Bridge to mobility is a platform designed to encourage a more prospective future for people from Poland, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania. The objective of this project is to promote mobility to the UK, Germany, and Spain, by offering education, via English, German, and Spanish language courses; practical information about the UK, Germany, and Spain; and membership in an e-community. The project is aimed at people who seek employment in the United Kingdom, Germany, and Spain. Its main goal is teaching English, German, and Spanish, and gaining knowledge about the country that the project participant intends to visit. The products and information regarding country-specific characteristics of UK, Germany, and Spain are complementary to the course. e-Bridge supports adjustment to the requirements of the European job market, and its users have the opportunity to learn a foreign language with the aid of innovative communication tools, such as the Internet and mobile phones.
Open Access
Cheng, Yuan (Grace Cheng b. 1964)
(Emerald, 2011) Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
Known to the West as Grace Cheng, Cheng Yuan is the managing director and country manager of Russell Reynolds Associates (RRA) in Greater China. RRA is a premier provider of senior-level executive search and assessment, having served clients globally for 40 years. The firm advises its clients on recruiting and retaining outstanding leaders, and helps them mitigate the risks associated with senior-level appointments. In recent years, RRA's clientele has expanded to the fast developing Chinese enterprises to help businesses accommodate to their globalization process in the human resources area, where Grace Cheng plays a major role. Working across Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong, her work focuses on CEOs and executive boards, with emphasis on general management and cross-border assignments for Chinese and Western multinational companies at the market entry and consolidated growth phases.
Open Access
Harmony in diversity: unraveling the global impact of K-Pop through social media and fandom dynamics
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-04-04) Gutiérrez Jauregi, Alaitz; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gómez Cámara, Irene; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Economía; Ekonomia; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
South Korean pop culture, K-Pop, is a global cultural force driven by catchy melodies, exceptional vocal abilities, captivating dance movements, and active social media engagement. This study explores the global dissemination of K-Pop, focusing on the role of social media and fan communities in examining cultural impact, fan dynamics, and transformative potential. Key research inquiries address fan engagement¿s contribution to global dissemination, challenges to cultural norms, the influence of fan characteristics on social media behavior, and transformative impacts on societal issues. Organized into four parts, the research delves into the evolution of K-Pop, conducts a literature review on K-Pop fandom, analyses characteristics of K-Pop fandom members per their perceptions, and surveys 315 enthusiasts on engagement dynamics, idol influence, and fandom¿s role in social and political initiatives. Findings reveal the intricate evolution of K-Pop, highlighting social media¿s role in forming emotional connections and shaping fan behavior. The study concludes that K-Pop operates as a dynamic cultural force challenging norm, with fan engagement playing a pivotal role in dissemination, societal impact, shaping narratives, and addressing social issues. Originality is found in the holistic approach, theoretical frameworks, and a comprehensive survey, offering a distinctive understanding of the K-Pop phenomenon and its fan community.
Open Access
Perception of technology use, online safety, and advertising among minors
(IGI Global, 2025) Gutiérrez Jauregi, Alaitz; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Alarcón López, Rocío; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
The spread of communication technology has transformed socialization, with Spain consistently exceeding the European average in internet access¿Navarra notably leads in connectivity. However, excessive internet use, particularly among youth, poses challenges. Responsibility for minors' tech use extends beyond parents to society and institutions. This study uses quantitative research on a representative sample of minors, analysing both perceived and actual usage, and the role of social agents in shaping internet habits and safety perceptions. Results highlight the importance of social context in digital habits, revealing links between safety perceptions, parental control, and technology norms. The study also explores perceptions of online advertising, emphasizing the need to raise privacy awareness and regulate ads targeting minors, offering insights into youth digital consumption challenges.
Open Access
The Smartphoners: consumer segmentation by smartphone usage
(Italian Marketing Association, 2016) De Canio, Francesca; Pellegrini, Davide; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Smartphone usage is becoming an integral part of consumer' lifestyle. Over 50% of the worldwide population own at least one smartphone and the adoption of mobile technologies have reshaped the boundaries between online and offline. This study aims to segment consumers by means of activities they perform on personal mobile phones. By analysing 264 online questionnaires and using ten smartphones¿ functionalities, we identify five main Smartphoners' profiles: Utility Users, Gamers, Unfriendly Users, Moderator Users and Supersmartphoners. Differences between smartphone users in terms of age, gender and area of residence, as well as brand of the smartphone owned, hours of usage and reasons to use have been investigated. Managerial and academic implications have been discussed.
Open Access
Yang, Lijun (b. 1957)
(Emerald, 2011) Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
Known to the West as Lily Yang, Yang Lijun is the China chief representative of ING Insurance, a global financial institution of Dutch origin. Yang's name has entwined with ING and China, as she is one of the pioneers in introducing the Dutch three pillars pension system, the LOMA training and education system, housing mortgage system, and compliance policy, among others, to China. Coincidentally, since the symbol of the company is a golden lion and Yang's horoscope is Leo as well, she shows great empathy with ING.
Open Access
Digital marketing tools and market trends in the skincare industry: consumer behavior and sales growth insights
(IGI Global, 2024) Castilla Miguel, Lierni; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
The primary goal of the research is to investigate the efficiency of various digital marketing tools in the skincare industry, as well as to assess market trends and customer behavior in order to enhance sales. The study included a survey of 100 Spanish customers aged 18 to 64, and six regression models were developed to forecast sales growth based on various criteria. Transparency, sustainability, and personalized skincare products, as well as user-generated content and reviews, are highlighted as successful marketing methods to promote sales in the research. The study also emphasizes how age and gender play a significant role in this connection as well as the limited influence of influencer and celebrity marketing on skincare product sales. According to the findings, skincare firms should concentrate on developing transparent, environmentally friendly products that are customized to consumers' interests, using usergenerated content and reviews in their marketing strategies to boost sales.
Open Access
Consumers' awareness and attitudes in circular fashion
(Elsevier, 2023) Jiménez Fernández, Anne; Aramendia Muneta, María Elena; Alzate Barricarte, Miriam; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
Circular fashion is a new concept shift towards a more sustainable fashion industry. Consumers' awareness of the fashion industry's environmental and social damage is increasing, along with the transformation of their purchasing habits. Circular economy appears to be a solution to these issues. Nonetheless, users' awareness of the principles of circular economy might benefit their application in real life. This research studies the relationships between awareness and attitudes towards the principles of circular economy as well as the mediators, which are namely, benefits and enablers. The main purpose of this study is to test a hypothesised model through structural equation modeling with Partial Least Squares. The results show that the principles have a positive relationship to the attitudes, benefits, and enablers of circular economy. Additionally, the effect of gender on consumers' attitudes towards sustainable fashion is worth analysing since it seems to play a significant role.