Escalada Hernández, Paula
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Escalada Hernández
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Paula
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Ciencias de la Salud
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ISC. Institute of Smart Cities
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Publication Open Access Propuesta de plan de cuidados de enfermería para mujeres que sufren pérdidas perinatales, según la teoría de Watson(Elsevier, 2024-10-21) Furtado Eraso, Sara; Marín Fernández, Blanca; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaPerder a un recién nacido es para muchas madres un final doloroso en el que acontece la muerte cuando se espera la vida, que les hace vivir un tiempo de soledad, duda personal y sentimiento de fracaso. Tras realizar un estudio cualitativo previo analizando las vivencias de 25 mujeres que sufrieron una pérdida perinatal espontánea en cualquier momento del embarazo y una revisión sistemática de los factores que afectan a la respuesta emocional tras las pérdidas perinatales, se presenta una propuesta de cuidados de enfermería basada en la teoría del cuidado humano transpersonal de Jean Watson para dar respuesta a las necesidades de las mujeres que experimentan dicho proceso de pérdida. Con esta propuesta de plan cuidados se pretende proporcionar un cuidado individualizado a las mujeres que sufren pérdidas perinatales adaptado a sus necesidades, no solo físicas, sino también emocionales.Publication Open Access Analysis of mental health effects among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review(Wiley, 2022) García Vivar, Cristina; Rodríguez Matesanz, Irati; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ferraz Torres, Marta; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaIntroduction: Health professionals have suffered negative consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic. No review has specifically addressed the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of nurses exclusively according to the work context. Aim: To analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of nurses who have worked in hospitals, primary care centres and social health centres. Method: PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO and Cochrane databases were searched (Prospero number: CRD42021249513). Out of 706 papers, 31 studies (2020–2021) were included in the systematic review. A qualitative synthesis method was used to analyse the data. Results: Most studies were conducted in hospitals or frontline settings. The prevalence of moderate-to-severe symptoms was for anxiety 29.55%, depression 38.79%, posttraumatic stress disorder 29.8%, and insomnia 40.66%. Discussion: This review highlights the mental health effects among nurses working in acute hospital settings. It also evidences a data gap on mental health effects among nurses working in primary health care and in nursing homes. Implications for practice: In the post phase of the pandemic, there is an urgent need to assess and respond to the impact on the mental well-being of nurses, and to monitor international policies for the improvement of nurses’ working conditions.Publication Open Access HIV Incidence Among Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: a time trend Aanalysis of the 2000-2017 Period(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2021) Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Arregui Azagra, Adriana; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Elizalde Beiras, Itsaso; Saralegui Gainza, Amaia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to use data from the United Nations Global Indicators Database to analyze the trends in the HIV incidence rate among women in sub-Saharan African countries between 2000 and 2017. The HIV incidence rate is defined as the number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected population, aged 15 to 49 years old. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to identify periods when there were significant changes in the HIV incidence rate. The results show that there was a global decrease trend in the HIV incidence rates among women in sub-Saharan Africa, decreasing in all sub-Saharan African countries, except in Angola, Equatorial Guinea, and Sudan, which have remained the same, and Madagascar, where the overall trend is increasing. The joinpoint regression statistical method offers an in-depth analysis of the incidence of HIV among women in sub-Saharan Africa. Copyright © 2021 Association of Nurses in AIDS Care.Publication Open Access Educación interprofesional en ciencias de la salud con la colaboración de pacientes(Elsevier, 2022) Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ortega Moneo, María; Viscarret Garro, Juan Jesús; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Sociología y Trabajo Social; Soziologia eta Gizarte LanaIntroducción: la educación interprofesional en las ciencias de la salud es un enfoque muy efectivo tanto para la formación general del estudiante como para abordar diferentes aspectos específicos. Un nuevo paradigma aboga por la transformación de la filosofía de la atención sanitaria, cambiando el enfoque de cuidado centrado en el paciente a «cuidado en asociación con el paciente. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar una actividad de educación interprofesional con la integración del paciente con una enfermedad crónica, en los grados de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Trabajo Social de una universidad pública española. Métodos: para dar respuesta al objetivo se aplicó un diseño paralelo convergente de metodología mixta. Diecisiete estudiantes de los grados de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Trabajo Social evaluaron una actividad formativa, denominada ¿Integración de la Perspectiva del Paciente en la Atención Multidisciplinar, mediante un cuestionario. Se recogieron datos sobre la adquisición de conocimiento y las competencias, y su satisfacción con la actividad. Además, los 2 pacientes implicados evaluaron la actividad mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y los docentes, con un breve cuestionario. Resultados: en la evaluación objetiva de las competencias, los estudiantes obtuvieron una puntuación global media de 7,63 puntos (DE: 2,33) sobre 10. Los estudiantes valoraron su satisfacción con la actividad con una nota media global de 4,49 (DE: 0,61) sobre 5. Tanto los pacientes como los docentes valoraron de forma muy positiva la actividad. Conclusión: los resultados presentados muestran cómo esta experiencia de aprendizaje ha sido altamente satisfactoria para todos los participantes, y cómo los estudiantes han logrado adquirir las competencias previstasPublication Open Access Virtual reality to reduce pain, fatigue, and emotional distress in people with cancer: a scoping review(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2024-09-02) Cuñado Pradales, Rebeca; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; García Vivar, Cristina; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakBackground: cancer and its treatments cause symptoms such as pain, fatigue, and emotional distress, which affect the quality of life of patients at different stages of cancer. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising alternative for addressing these symptoms by immersing patients in a virtual environment that isolates them from reality. Objective: to describe the existing evidence on the use of VR to improve pain, fatigue, and emotional distress in people with cancer at different stages of the cancer trajectory. Methods: a scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. Search was conducted in PubMed and CINAHL until October 2023. Results: twenty-three primary studies related to the study topic were identified, and the following information was collected: type of VR (immersive vs nonimmersive) used in oncology services, purpose (distraction, training, or relaxation), devices used (head-mounted display, headset, or virtual controller), and the environment simulated (natural environment, skill games, or educational environment). The effects of VR on pain, fatigue, and emotional distress are described, highlighting its ability to mitigate these symptoms in the short term.Publication Open Access Validation of nursing activities in a material and sterilization center(Associação Brasileira de Enfermeiros de Centro Cirúrgico, Recuperação Anestésica e Centro de Material e Esterilização (SOBECC), 2022-06-15) Gonçalves, Raquel Calado da Silva; Sento Sé, Aline Coutinho; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Marín Fernández, Blanca; Cardoso, Rosane Barreto; Tonini, Teresa; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCObjetivo: validar las actividades de enfermería del diagnóstico 'Riesgo por contaminación de productos sanitarios'. Método: se trata de un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, metodológico, de validación, utilizando el modelo adaptado de Fehring. Participaron 128 enfermeras especialistas del centro quirúrgico y del centro de material y esterilización, según criterios predefinidos. Se utilizó un instrumento compuesto por preguntas cerradas, donde a cada actividad se le asignó un valor según la escala de Likert. En este estudio, se consideraron validadas las actividades que presentaron un índice de validez de contenido de 0,95. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: 20 actividades de enfermería fueron validadas para 12 factores de riesgo y cinco intervenciones. El factor de riesgo que no fue representativo en sus actividades fue 'Esterilización de cargas sin utilizar el paquete de prueba de desafío'. Conclusión: se concluye que la provisión de actividades de enfermería relacionadas con los factores de riesgo es adecuada, una vez que fueron validadas con un índice de validez de contenido de 0,95. El conocimiento producido ayuda en la implementación de actividades validadas, promoviendo indirectamente una atención de calidad, basada en los principios de seguridad del paciente.Publication Open Access Quality of life of male breast cancer survivors: a systematic review(Wiley, 2025-04-30) López Wilson, Arleen; Leite, Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; García Vivar, Cristina; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakIntroduction: Breast cancer treatments signifcantly infuence the quality of life of cancer survivors. While most studies havefocused on female breast cancer survivors, data on the quality of life of men who have undergone medical, surgical or radiologicaltreatments for breast cancer are limited. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life of male breast cancer survivors. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA statement with a search in four databases: PubMed,Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science. We screened and extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the studies viathe Cochrane RoB-2 and ROBINS-I tools for randomised clinical trials and follow-up studies, respectively. Te data werepresented in a narrative synthesis format. Results: In total, 993 records were identifed, of which three studies were included for analysis: two randomised clinical trials andone cohort study. Te interventions in the randomised clinical trials involved evaluating the impact of endocrine therapy and theimplementation of online physical training. Although there was a reduction in the overall quality of life during cancer treatment,patients who received tamoxifen monotherapy did not report a clinically signifcant change in their sexual function. Additionally,moderate exercise was shown to improve physical health and enhance social well-being. In the cohort study, quality of life andsymptom burden were evaluated in men with breast cancer treated with endocrine therapies at the time of diagnosis via symptomassessment scales. Conclusions: Male breast cancer survivors experience a decrease in quality of life during and after treatment. While tamoxifenmonotherapy preserves sexual function, moderate-intensity physical rehabilitation signifcantly improves both quality of life andsocial functioning. Te limited number of studies included in this review highlights the need for further research to address thephysical, psychological and social needs of male breast cancer survivors.Publication Open Access Efficacy of educational interventions in adolescent population with feeding and eating disorders: a systematic review(Springer, 2023) Ladrón Arana, Sergio; Orzanco Garralda, María Rosario; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Aguilera-Serrano, Carlos; Gutiérrez Valencia, Marta; Urbiola-Castillo, Jordi; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaBackground: Educational interventions are a key element in the care of young patients with feeding and eating disorders, forming part of the majority of therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of educational interventions in adolescents with feeding and eating disorders. Methods: Following the PRISMA recommendations electronic databases were searched up to 29 June 2023. Studies related to educational interventions in young population diagnosed with feeding and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, avoidant/ restrictive food intake disorder, bulimia nervosa, pica and ruminative disorders and binge- eating disorder) in Spanish and English language, without temporal limitation, were located in the databases: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CUIDEN, DIALNET, and ENFISPO. A search in the databases of grey literature was performed in OpenGrey and Teseo. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020167736). Results: A total of 191 articles were selected from the 9744 citations screened. Ten publications were included. The results indicated variability between educational programs, including individual and group interventions, learning techniques and various research methodologies. Variables such as learning, attitudinal and perceptual changes, anthropometric parameters, symptom improvement, normalization of eating patterns, evaluation of the program and cognitive fexibility were identifed. The risk of bias was high due to the low methodological quality of a large number of studies analyzed. Conclusion: The results indicate that educational interventions can infuence the improvement of knowledge level and have a positive efect on health outcomes. Although education is a common practice in the treatment of these pathologies, highquality studies were not identifed. Thus, this review concludes that additional evidence is needed to evaluate the efectiveness of educational programs, with further research studies, especially randomized controlled trials, to confrm these results. Level of evidence: Level I: Systematic review.Publication Open Access How did COVID-19 lockdown impact the health of older adults in nursing homes?: a scoping review(BMC, 2024) San Martín-Erice, Isabel; Escalada Hernández, Paula; García Vivar, Cristina; Furtado Eraso, Sara; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaBackground. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on older adults in nursing homes is signifcant, with high death rates, disrupted care, isolation measures, and inadequate treatment. Social isolation has increased risks of cognitive disorders, anxiety, and depression. While many studies have examined the pandemic’s efects on nursing home staf and residents’ families, less is known about the health consequences for the residents themselves. This review aims to synthesize literature on the COVID-19 lockdown’s impact on the functional, cognitive, and psycho-emotional states of older adults in nursing homes. Methods. A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and the PRISMA exten sion for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Four databases were searched: CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and Psy cINFO. The eligibility criteria included studies on older adults in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic, with data that could be disaggregated for this population and results on the lockdown’s impact on physical, cognitive, and psycho-emotional levels. Results. Seventeen articles met the criteria for data extraction The synthesis was categorized into four main areas: functional, cognitive and psycho-emotional status, and isolation measures. Key fndings included decreased func tional abilities, lower cognitive test scores during the pandemic’s frst waves, development of psychological symp toms, and increased negative feelings among residents. Conclusions. Highlighting the consequences of confnement for nursing home residents is essential for updating evidence, developing efective strategies, and establishing protocols to mitigate the impact and prevent health issues in future pandemics.Publication Open Access Causas de los eventos adversos relacionados con el uso del equipamiento médico tecnológico en la práctica enfermera en unidades de cuidados intensivos: una revisión integradora(Colegio Oficial de Enfermería de Navarra, 2022) Galé Zazu, Sara; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun ZientziakIntroducción: Los eventos adversos (EA) son un problema sanitario a nivel mundial, frecuente en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), debido a, entre otros factores, la gran variedad tecnológica y los dispositivos utilizados. Las enfermeras son las responsables de la interacción continua de la mayoría de estos dispositivos. Objetivo: Sintetizar y analizar la evidencia existente sobre las causas de los EA relacionados con el uso de dispositivos y equipos médicos tecnológicos por las enfermeras en las UCI. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica integradora mediante una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos Cinahl, Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus y Dialnet. Los términos de búsqueda utilizados fueron: intensive care unit, critical care unit, nurse, nurses, nursing, nursing care, technology utilization y technology. Se seleccionaron estudios de investigación primaria y secundaria publicados desde 2010 hasta 2021. Resultados: Se identificaron 18 estudios relevantes, en su mayoría con diseños cualitativos. Sus resultados fueron sintetizados de acuerdo con las principales causas de EA identificadas: uso inadecuado de la tecnología e infracciones por parte del personal sanitario. Discusión: En las UCI cada vez se utilizan dispositivos tecnológicos más complejos que mejoran la atención sanitaria de los pacientes, pero que pueden conllevar la aparición de EA. Así, es importante analizar sus posibles causas y establecer las medidas necesarias para prevenirlos. Este trabajo ofrece una síntesis de la evidencia disponible sobre este tema, en base a la cual se ofrecen recomendaciones para potenciar el uso seguro de los dispositivos tecnológicos en las UCI por parte de las enfermeras.