Open Access
Application of MIR spectroscopy to the evaluation of chemical composition and quality parameters of foal meat: a preliminary study
(MDPI, 2020) Ruiz Darbonnens, Marta; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Lorenzo, José M.; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
The aim of this work was to study the potential of mid-infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the chemical composition and quality parameters of foal meat according to differences based on slaughter ages and finishing diets. In addition, the wavelength ranges which contribute to this meat quality differentiation were also determined. Important characteristics as moisture and total lipid content were well predicted using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (MIR) with Rv2 values of 82% and 66%, respectively. Regarding fatty acids, the best models were obtained for arachidonic, vaccenic, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with Rv2 values over 65%. Quality parameters, as instrumental colour and texture and sensory attributes did not reach high prediction coefficients (R2). With the spectra data of the region 2198–1118 cm-1, samples were accurately classified according to slaughter age (78%) and finishing diet (72%). This preliminary research shows the potential of MIR spectroscopy as an alternative tool to traditional meat chemical composition methods. Finally, the wavelength range of the spectrum from 2198 to 1118 cm-1 showed good results for classification purposes.
Open Access
Lipid and protein oxidation marker compounds in horse meat determined by MIR spectroscopy
(MDPI, 2020) Jáuregui López, Irati; Zulategui Beñarán, Fernando; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
This work broadens the study of lipid and protein oxidation marker compounds in foal meat, employing the technology of Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FT/MIR, shortened in the following as MIR). As a main objective, marker compounds from 23 foals were extracted and their absorbance spectra were measured to establish prediction models (calibration and validation) between them and classical quantification analysis of the compounds. Another objective was to ascertain whether a previous extraction of the marker compounds before executing their MIR analysis is preferable compared to direct MIR measurements on the raw meat samples. In this context, marker compound results (TBARS between 0.4387 and 2.1040, and carbonyls between 4.07 and 4.68) showed more consistent predictive models than the ones achieved using quantitative analysis of the spectra obtained from the raw meat. Lipid oxidation compounds predictive models obtained in this work offered an R-cv(2) of 63.18% and protein oxidation R-cv(2) obtained in this project showed a value of 54.24%. Thus, MIR technology arises as a promising tool to identify and quantify products derived from lipid and protein oxidation in fresh foal meat.
Open Access
The reformulation of a beef patty enriched with n-3 fatty acids and vitamin D3 influences consumers' response under different information scenarios
(MDPI, 2020) Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Gómez Bastida, Inmaculada; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Ibáñez Moya, Francisco C.; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
The objective of this study was to investigate the sensory acceptability and willingness to pay (WTP) for a beef patty elaborated with beef from a local breed that was enriched with nutritional ingredients (vegetable oil mixture and vitamin D3). The experiment was conducted under two information scenarios (blind; full: ingredients used to enrich the patties in n-3 PUFA and vitamin D3). An in-home use test was carried out by 180 consumers to study consumer liking of two low-fat beef patties (C: conventional, M: modified). There were no differences in color and odor for the raw patties (p> 0.05). The sensory parameters of the cooked patties were assessed as being similar (p > 0.05) regardless of the information scenario. The sensory parameters remained crucial criteria for product acceptance and repeat purchase. Consumers positively evaluated the M patty. The information provided to consumers on the composition of the product influenced the response of consumers. It was also observed that the higher the education level of the consumer, the higher their scores for M beef patties in the blind scenario. It is thus necessary to implement appropriate marketing strategies in order to highlight the nutritional properties of the modified patties, making them competitive ahead of conventional patties.
Open Access
Raw-cured Spanish traditional meat product 'Chistorra de Navarra': sensory and composition quality standards
(MDPI, 2020) Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Murillo Arbizu, María Teresa; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Gómez Bastida, Inmaculada; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
The aim of this work was to set the quality standards of the chistorra de Navarra, a raw-cured Spanish traditional meat product, through the study of its sensory and physicochemical features. The quality of chistorra samples, coming from 50 different artisan producers, were assessed during three sessions by expert assessors (n = 15). In the first session, instrumental colour (L*a*and b*) and appearance and odour parameters were evaluated in the raw products. In the second session, texture and flavour attributes were determined in cooked products. Finally, in the third session, the best 10 classified chistorras from the first and second sessions were sensorially evaluated and sampled for further analysis: texture (Warner Bratzler and texture profile analysis (TPA)), chemical composition, and fatty acid profile. The chistorras with the highest sensory scores had high shear force values, flavour intensity, and fat/hydroxyproline ratio. The average fatty acid profile obtained for chistorra de Navarra was: 42% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 45% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 13% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was similar to the one found in other raw-cured sausages. Considering the sensory evaluation, chistorra was defined as a product with an intense orange colour, and with high resistance value in the initial bite. It was also characterised by a high juiciness and tenderness, aroma, and meat flavour. In mouth, the pork fat, one of the ingredients of chistorra, was balanced without any of the ingredients dominating. Chemically, the chistorra was characterised by a fat content close to 67% (dry matter), low hydroxyproline occurrence (≤0.6), and protein amount ranging 18 38%.
Open Access
Effect of slaughter age and finishing diet on sensory evaluation and consumers’ preference of foal meat
(Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 2019) Ruiz Darbonnens, Marta; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Crecente, Santiago; Lorenzo, José M.; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Aim of study: This study focused on the sensory evaluation and consumer preferences of foal meat depending on the animal slaughter age (13 and 26 months) and finishing diet (standard and linseed concentrate). Area of study: It was developed in two localities in the north of Spain: Orense and Pamplona. Material and methods: The sensory study was conducted by a 10-member trained and a 474-consumer panel. Main results: The trained panel described meat from both, 13 and 26-months old foals similar between each other. On the contrary, consumers considered meat from the younger group to be juicier and tenderer, being juiciness and tenderness (p<0.05), the most important clues for their global acceptance. No differences were found in either the trained or the consumer panel due to the finishing diet. The consumers test was carried out in two Spanish cities (Pamplona and Orense. Two scenarios were considered: without and with supplementary information about the foal meat production. The additional information disclosed about foal meat had a positive effect on Pamplona consumers’ assessments. Research highlights: City and information level are essential factors to introduce foal meat in the market. The lack of knowledge about foal meat and its low presence in meat markets make it necessary to develop further sensory studies; to obtain foal meat description patterns, and to get to know consumers’ likings.
Open Access
Calidad de la canal y de la carne caballar de raza Burguete
(Asociación Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario, 2001) Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Larrea Reta, Izaskun; Induráin Báñez, Gregorio; Goñi Turumbay, Virginia; Eguinoa Ancho, Paola; Gorraiz, C.; Martín, M.; Alzueta Aldunate, María Jesús; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Pérez de Muniáin, A.; Producción Agraria; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena
La raza caballar Burguete es una raza autóctona de Navarra que en el pasado disfrutó de gran prestigio como animal de trabajo en la Comunidad Foral y zonas limítrofes. Hoy en día por su clara aptitud cárnica es importante mantener dicho patrimonio genético y mejorar los productos obtenidos para la promoción de esta raza estableciendo criterios de tipificación (Pérez de Muniáin et al, 2000). Se trata de un producto poco conocido en el mercado de la carne, aunque en la actualidad está despertando interés debido a sus reconocidas cualidades nutritivas (producto natural y sano) como consecuencia del bajo contenido en grasa. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido la caracterización de la canal y de la carne caballar de raza Burguete.
Open Access
Efecto de la maduración en la conservación de la carne de potro
(Asociación Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario, 2018) Ruiz Darbonnens, Marta; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Cantalejo Díez, María Jesús; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Para el desarrollo del presente estudio, se investigó el efecto de la maduración del músculo Longissimus dorsi (LD), por un lado como pieza entera y por otro lado tras el fileteado, sobre los parámetros de calidad de la carne de potro. Se emplearon músculos madurados 24 horas en la canal procedentes de ocho potros quincenos de raza Burguete. Cada lomo se dividió en dos partes iguales. Una parte no fue madurada, y la segunda fue madurada 7 días. Posteriormente, ambas partes fueron fileteadas y los filetes fueron conservados durante 9 días en bandejas cubiertas con film permeable al oxígeno en un expositor. No hubo interacción entre la maduración en el lomo y el tiempo de conservación posterior del filete. Los valores de textura fueron bajos desde el comienzo siendo considerada 'tierna'. Debido a la maduración, el enrojecimiento (a*) fue intenso y el contenido de metamioglobina fue bajo, pero la oxidación de los lípidos y la degradación del olor aumentaron. Cuando la maduración se llevó a cabo en filete, el tiempo de conservación y la atmósfera rica en oxígeno hicieron que la carne de potro se deteriorara rápidamente. La oxidación de los lípidos y la mioglobina y la degradación del color aumentaron día a día. Además, cuanto más tiempo estuvo expuesta la carne al oxígeno, peores fueron las valoraciones de color y olor sensorial de la carne de potro. El tiempo de conservación de la carne de potro fue inferior a 3 días, siendo el color característico el factor limitante.
Open Access
Hamburguesas más saludables: ¿cuál es la respuesta del consumidor bajo diferentes escenarios de información?
(Estrategias Alimentarias, 2021) Gómez, I.; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Ibáñez Moya, Francisco C.; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Una estrategia para conseguir mejorar los perfiles nutricionales de los productos cárnicos es la reformulación, aunque la respuesta de los consumidores podría verse afectada por diferentes factores. Por ello el presente estudio investigó la aceptabilidad sensorial y la disposición a pagar de una hamburguesa elaborada con carne de ternera de una raza local que fue enriquecida con una mezcla de aceites vegetales y vitamina D3. El experimento se realizó bajo dos escenarios de información: ciego, sin información; completo, con información de los ingredientes usados para enriquecer las hamburguesas con ácidos grados poliinsaturados (AGP) n-3 y vitamina D3. Un total de 180 consumidores participaron en un test que realizaban en casa para evaluar dos hamburguesas (convencional y modificada). Los parámetros sensoriales de las hamburguesas mostraron valores similares independientemente del escenario de información. La información proporcionada a los consumidores sobre la composición del producto influenció en su respuesta. Asimismo, a mayor nivel de educación del consumidor, se obtuvieron mayores puntuaciones para las hamburguesas modificadas en el escenario ciego.