Open Access
Country of origin' effect and ethnocentrism in food purchase in Southern Chile
(Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Argentina), 2017) Schnettler, Berta; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Miranda, Horacio; Orellana, Ligia; Sepúlveda, José; Mora, Marcos; Lobos, Germán; Hueche, Clementina; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
Este estudio buscó determinar la importancia relativa del país de origen en la elección de cuatro alimentos (arroz, azúcar, carne de pollo y aceite); identificar segmentos de consumidores, y evaluar qué variables sociodemográficas afectan el etnocentrismo en el consumo de alimentos, a través de una encuesta respondida por 800 compradores habituales de supermercados en el sur de Chile. Se obtuvo que el país de origen fue el atributo de mayor importancia en la elección de los cuatro alimentos. Se distinguieron tres segmentos de consumidores que asignaron diferente importancia al país de origen, aun cuando en dos de ellos el país de origen tuvo elevada relevancia en la elección. Los consumidores de los tres segmentos prefirieron los alimentos chilenos y expresaron una menor preferencia hacia los alimentos importados desde países más lejanos y diferentes culturalmente de Chile. Los segmentos difirieron significativamente según la frecuencia de compra de alimentos importados, razones para preferir comprar alimentos importados y etnocentrismo. Se obtuvo que si la persona es mujer, si es de mayor edad, pertenece al nivel socioeconómico medio o alto y posee un estilo de vida conservador, aumenta la probabilidad de que sea etnocéntrico en el consumo de alimentos.
Open Access
Determinants of agri-food firms' participation in public funded research and development
(Wiley, 2015) García-Álvarez Coque, José María; Mas Verdu, Francisco; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
A database of over 2,700 agri‐food businesses in the region of Valencia, Spain was used to test the influence of internal characteristics of the firm and of external characteristics linked to local systems on the willingness to participate in R&D activities promoted by knowledge supporting institutions. A Probit model was estimated, correcting possible intragroup correlations when group variables are combined with individual data. Results show that R&D activities are enhanced in medium and large firms, co‐ops, experienced firms and better physical access to technological centers.
Open Access
Gestión de la innovación en la cadena alimentaria: relevancia de la colaboración
(Fondo para la Investigación Económica y Social de la Confederación Española de Cajas de Ahorros, 2024) Alarcón Lorenzo, Silverio; Barrena Figueroa, Ramo; García López de Meneses, Teresa; Pindado Tapia, Emilio; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Simón Elorz, Katrin; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
La innovación se ha convertido en decisiva para las empresas agroalimentarias en sus desafíos de sostenibilidad, demanda cambiante e incremento de la competencia. Los procesos productivos con superior riesgo, su carácter estratégico, la estructura empresarial y los condicionantes rurales inciden en dichos procesos de innovación. Así, las opciones de colaboración en la innovación, el esfuerzo público-privado, y la creación de instrumentos de financiación y apoyo, favorecen el éxito innovador. Los retos en digitalización, ecoinnovación y el emprendimiento innovador también necesitan del ecosistema colaborativo. a aceptación final del consumidor de dichas innovaciones será más compleja, especialmente en contextos de incertidumbre económica
Open Access
Country of origin and ethnocentrism: a review from the perspective of food consumption
(Asociación de Economistas Agrarios de Chile, 2013) Schnettler, Berta; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Orellana, Ligia; Sepúlveda, José; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
Como consecuencia del incremento del comercio internacional de alimentos, se han desarrollado numerosos estudios enfocados en estudiar las preferencias de los consumidores hacia los alimentos domésticos e importados. Estos estudios se han realizados desde la perspectiva del “efecto país de origen” y desde el punto de vista del etnocentrismo en el consumo. A pesar de la numerosa literatura existente, aun no existe consenso en la importancia que tiene el país de origen en las preferencias del consumidor, ni en las variables que inciden en un comportamiento etnocéntrico en el consumo. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar y analizar los resultados de los principales estudios realizados desde la perspectiva del “efecto país de origen” y del etnocentrismo relacionados con la compra de alimentos. En ambos enfoques se incluyen investigaciones realizadas en el ámbito internacional y se finaliza con una revisión de los principales estudios realizados en el ámbito chileno.
Open Access
New trends in the global digital transformation process of the agri-food sector: an exploratory study based on Twitter
(Elsevier, 2022) Ancín Rípodas, María; Pindado Tapia, Emilio; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD; Gestión de Empresas
CONTEXT: The agri-food system is undergoing pervasive changes in business models, facilitated by the use of digital technologies. Although today it is almost inevitable for any business to adopt some level of digital transformation to strengthen their competitiveness, this transition in the agri-food sector could be more complex, given its characteristics. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to analyse worldwide the perceptions of new digital technologies in the agri-food sector expressed within social media platforms, identifying the differences that may exist between them regarding its objectives and social acceptance. METHODS: This paper examines the information regarding digital transformation process in the agri-food sector disseminated worldwide on Twitter. For that purpose, Twitter API is used to gather tweets and descriptive and content analyses, including a sentiment analysis, are performed using R and MAXQDA software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We found that the digitalization of the agri-food sector is broadly discussed within Twitter. Different actors participate in these information flows, being companies and digital solution providers the most active users and academics and governmental institutions the most visible. Artificial Intelligence was the most mentioned technology, that together with the Internet of Things, Big Data, Machine Learning, and Cloud Computing, was related to improving production efficiencies, crop yield, or cost reduction. In the case of Blockchain Technology, it was closer to food supply chain actors, such as distribution companies and marketers. However, all these technologies are connected to the concept of sustainability. The sentiment analysis showed a generally positive tone, indicating social acceptance regarding the starting phase of the adoption of these technologies. The study also identified differences among countries, pointing to a stronger level of engagement with these technologies in developed regions. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic was seen as a chance to boost the digital transformation in the sector all over the world. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results demonstrate that data harvested from Twitter provide useful insight into perceptions of digital transformation and different digital technologies in the agri-food value chain across different countries. Information that could be useful for researchers, but also for agricultural firms and policymakers.
Open Access
Creating value via strategic alliances in EU food sector: the role of intellectual capital in knowledge exploration
(Universidad Miguel Hernández, 2017) Zouaghi, Ferdaous; Sánchez García, Mercedes; García Martínez, Marian; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute for Advanced Research in Business and Economics - INARBE
Co-operation may become necessary in food sector because internal resources are insufficient to monitor their partners. This study examines how EU food SMEs uses their networks and how SMEs managers can operationally leverage the value created by strategic alliances into commercially viable products. More importantly, we emphasize that the effects of collaboration partners on innovation performance can be achieved not only directly, but also via the indirect effect of firm¿s intellectual capital to enhance cross-border knowledge transfer. Using two waves of the European Community Innovation Survey (Cis-2010 and Cis-2012), those research findings are expected to provide SME food firms the availability to better reorganize their external knowledge needs when different partners are involved.
Open Access
Consumers' willingness to pay for health claims during the COVID-19 pandemic: a moderated mediation analysis
(Elsevier, 2023) Bou Fakhreddine, Lara; García Martínez, Marian; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Schnettler, Berta; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a substantial threat to people's lives and raised health concerns. This research explores the mediating role of consumers' attitudes towards health claims in the relationship between consumers' interest in health claims and their willingness to pay (WTP) for health claims in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Additionally, we examine the moderation effect of COVID-19 risk perception in the relationship between consumers' interest in and attitudes towards health claims. Data were collected through an online survey in three countries: Spain, the UK and Chile. Findings confirm the mediating role of consumers' attitudes towards health claims. Furthermore, the relationship between consumers' interest and their attitudes towards health claims was stronger when COVID-19 risk perception was higher.
Open Access
How much are people willing to pay for silence? A one and half bound DC CV estimate
(2001) Barreiro Hurle, Jesús; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Viladrich Grau, Montserrat; Economía; Ekonomia
Noise is a major urban problem that has not received much attention from environmental economists. In this paper we present an attempt to value a noise reduction program in a Spanish city. Contingent valuation has been applied using both one and one-half bound and open-ended question formats. The one and one-half bound question format avoids the bargaining processes which are inherent to multiple bound dichotomous choice question formats without the information loss associated with single bound formats. Through our estimations we have found that, first, noise has a negative value for urban residents and, second, that there is no embedding effect. We also are able to conclude that some type of biases (L H. guilt) tend to decrease or disappear with the implementation of the one and onehalf question format, however, other biases still prevail LH indignation.
Open Access
Drivers of winegrowers' decision on land use abandonment based on exploratory spatial data analysis and multilevel models
(Elsevier, 2023) Calafat-Marzal, Consuelo; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Gallego-Salguero, Aurea; Piñeiro, Verónica; Gestión de Empresas; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa, PRO-UPNA 11504
The frequency of producers opting to abandon agricultural land has become increasingly, highlighting the significance of this phenomenon due to its environmental, landscape, and socio-economic impacts. The decisions of producers to abandon or maintain/improve their farms depend on individual and contextual factors. The aims of this research are twofold. Firstly, to evaluate the influence of the neighbours on the winegrowers' decisions, using spatial analysis. Secondly, to clarify the specific importance of each of the individual and contextual drivers in farmers' decisions to improve their farms, to keep them unchanged or to abandon them, using multilevel models. The results obtained for the case study of vineyards in Spain, reveal a strong agglomeration phenomenon in farmers' decisions indicating that producers make land use decisions influenced by what their neighbours do. A multilevel analysis identifies that individual factors are determinant and that the influence of contextual factors is conditioned by the innovation process at farm level. Individual drivers, such as size, innovation, Protected Designations of Origin and irrigation influence vineyard area, with irrigation having the greatest overall influence, and is expected to be decisive in climate change projections. The Protected Designations of Origin are driving forces that dynamize the territory and achieve productive concentrations, encouraging winegrowers to replant, but they are not enough to halt abandonment. The elements that slow down the abandonment of plots are irrigation and the combination of innovation and context variables, mainly the combination of modernised plots in the municipalities with trading options.
Open Access
Growth-oriented new agricultural ventures: the role of entrepreneurial resources and capabilities under convergence forces
(Oxford University Press, 2019) Pindado Tapia, Emilio; Sánchez García, Mercedes; Enpresen Kudeaketa; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD; Gestión de Empresas
Using a multilevel approach, this study examines how new entrants’ resources, capabilities and context influence growth-oriented new agricultural ventures. Results indicate that growth orientation is largely self-determined. The knowledge base of the new entrants, their social ties with entrepreneurs, together with the capabilities to identify and exploit opportunities, as well as those to effectively offer new products, trigger these growth-oriented ventures. Industry contexts also influence them, as those operating in less agriculturally competitive countries have a greater probability of becoming growth-oriented, suggesting convergence forces. Lastly, results reveal that competitiveness positively moderates the relationship between product innovation capabilities and growth orientation.