Open Access
Use of online communities among people with type 2 diabetes: a scoping review
(Springer, 2024) Bujanda Sainz de Murieta, Arantxa; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; García Vivar, Cristina; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
Purpose of Review. People with diabetes require continuous self-monitoring and face numerous decisions in their day-today lives. Therefore, on many occasions, they need more support than that provided by health professionals. In this context, peer support in online diabetes communities could be a useful tool. The purpose of the review is to describe, analyze and synthesize the available evidence on the use and health out-comes of online communities for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. Searches were performed PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, Scopus and Cochrane databases. Recent Findings. From 1821 identifed documents, 6 articles were included. These studies explored the characteristics of diabetes online communities and the population features. Besides, the results were classifed according to whether they were clinical, psychosocial, or addressed people's experiences with the online community. The analysis underscores their value in facilitating communication, improving diabetes management, and enhancing psychosocial well-being. Future investigations should prioritize longitudinal assessments to elucidate the sustained impact of community engagement and optimize user participation for enhanced patient outcomes. Summary. The growing relevance of new technologies has led to a signifcant number of individuals with chronic illnesses seeking peer support. Online health communities have emerged as virtual spaces where individuals with shared health interests interact and form relationships. Within these digital spaces, individuals can engage in peer interaction, observe behaviors, and mutually beneft, potentially leading to improved attitudes toward the disease.
Embargo
CompARTE diabetes: una comunidad online para fomentar el apoyo entre pares dirigida a personas con diabetes
(2025) Bujanda Sainz de Murieta, Arantxa; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Introducción: La diabetes mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad crónica compleja que afecta a millones de personas a nivel mundial, generando un impacto significativo en la salud física, psicológica y social. El apoyo entre pares es un recurso efectivo en el manejo de esta enfermedad, y su implementación puede ser optimizada a través del uso de tecnologías como comunidades virtuales. Objetivo: Diseñar y evaluar la implementación de una comunidad online de apoyo entre pares dirigida a personas con DM, coordinada por una enfermera, y analizar el perfil y la experiencia de sus usuarios. Metodología: Esta investigación se estructuró en dos etapas. En la primera etapa, se planteó el diseño, la implementación y la evaluación de una comunidad online siguiendo el modelo Cascada. Y en la segunda etapa, se llevó a cabo un análisis descriptivo del perfil de los usuarios y su percepción sobre DM, la comunidad y el apoyo entre pares, combinando métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos para una evaluación integral. Resultados: Se diseñó e implementó “CompARTE Diabetes”, una comunidad online de apoyo entre pares dirigida a personas con DM y coordinada por una enfermera. La evaluación de la usabilidad y funcionalidad fue positiva en términos de diseño y facilidad de uso, aunque se identificaron áreas de mejora, como la accesibilidad, la navegación y la interacción entre usuarios. Participaron 103 personas con DM, con una media de edad de 48,4 años; el 51,5% fueron hombres y el 68,9% tenía diabetes tipo 1. Se observó un alto nivel de familiaridad con la tecnología (73,8%) y un uso frecuente de medidores continuos de glucosa (MCG) (81,6%). Los participantes reportaron puntuaciones positivas en términos de satisfacción con el tratamiento (M=25,98) y puntuaciones moderadas en calidad de vida (M=63,73), impacto emocional (M=34,84) y autoeficacia psicosocial (M=31,71). Por otro lado, los resultados del análisis de la percepción de los usuarios destacaron el impacto cotidiano de la DM, la necesidad de mayor educación diabetológica, las barreras percibidas en las comunidades online y el valor del apoyo entre pares. Conclusiones: El diseño de CompARTE Diabetes siguió un enfoque centrado en el usuario y fundamentado en evidencia científica. La evaluación de la usabilidad y la funcionalidad mediante métodos mixtos, permitió optimizar la experiencia de los participantes. Además, la participación activa de profesionales sanitarios como moderadores contribuyó a incrementar la confianza de los usuarios. La DM influye en todos los aspectos de la vida diaria, lo que resalta la necesidad de ofrecer un apoyo integral. De este modo, el apoyo entre pares en las comunidades virtuales fue una herramienta valiosa para complementar el manejo de la DM, proporcionando apoyo emocional, un espacio para el intercambio de experiencias y acceso a información confiable.
Open Access
Augmented reality for intramuscular injection training: a cluster randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier, 2025-07-01) Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Escalada Hernández, Paula; Bujanda Sainz de Murieta, Arantxa; Ballesteros Egüés, Tomás; Larráyoz Jiménez, Ana; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
Background: The acquisition of clinical skills, such as intramuscular injection, is crucial in nursing education, traditionally taught through theory and practice. Recent studies suggest that augmented reality (AR) enhances students' learning. Aim: To evaluate the effect of an augmented reality application (ARSim2care) for training intramuscular injections technique among undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 72 nursing students participated in the study (32 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group). Sociodemographic variables and dependent variables such as knowledge, skills, satisfaction and self-confidence with learning were measured. Results: The groups showed statistically significant differences in age. Knowledge acquisition in the intervention group was 0.56 points higher, this difference was statistically significant. No significant differences were found in technical skills, satisfaction and self-confidence although both groups showed positive results. Conclusions: The ARSim2care application enhanced nursing students' theoretical knowledge of intramuscular injections, although no significant improvements in technical skills were observed. Augmented reality shows potential as an educational tool; however, further research is required to evaluate its long-term effectiveness.
Embargo
Challenges of creating a peer support online community for patients with diabetes: a case study
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2024-09-27) Bujanda Sainz de Murieta, Arantxa; Isomursu, Minna; Escalada Hernández, Paula; San Martín Rodríguez, Leticia; García Vivar, Cristina; Soto Ruiz, María Nelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC
This study aims to explore the challenges and strategies in creating online communities for individuals with diabetes, emphasizing their role in fostering connections among individuals facing similar health conditions. Using a single-case approach, we investigated the design process of a diabetes online community using the classic waterfall model. Participants were recruited from a diabetes local association, and usability was assessed using the System Usability Scale and the think-aloud method. Subsequently, semistructured interviews were conducted to evaluate functionality and user experience. Data collection was conducted from August until December 2023. The development of the community unveiled significant usability challenges, highlighting the need for user feedback and improvement. Ethical considerations, including anonymity, usage conditions, privacy terms, and health information sharing, emerged as critical areas requiring meticulous attention. Furthermore, healthcare professional moderation was deemed essential to ensure a secure environment. Users expressed strong interest in enhanced interaction features and personalized notifications. Although online diabetes communities hold potential for peer support, addressing usability challenges, ethical considerations, and moderation issues is essential. This study emphasizes the ongoing necessity for research to enhance the development of patient communities, ensuring accessibility, mitigating ethical risks, and leveraging nurses as moderators.

Bujanda Sainz de Murieta, Arantxa

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