Open Access
A teaching experience aimed at health professionals during the second wave pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
(Lippincott, 2021-02-19) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
In a master's level course in a university in Spain with 9 students, 4 physical therapists, 2 nurses, 2 sports professionals and 1 social worker, due to the situation created by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the class started by sharing the experiences they had had in the first and second waves of the pandemic. Out of a group of 9 participants, 6 work in the area of healthcare or social healthcare: in primary care, in elderly care homes, hospital wards converted into areas for patients with SARS-CoV- 2, or healthcare service workers in private homes. During the class they expressed an explosion of emotions such as frustration, powerlessness, fear, tension, anxiety, rage, and anger. 2 of them had lost close relatives, and were therefore still grieving, 2 needed psychological attention, and a third one became aware that he/she needed professional help. Upon sharing their experiences, they identified their emotions, understood them, and talked about how they were handling them. They were introduced to a model of Emotional Intelligence, and they evaluated their own levels of anxiety and their way of handling emotions using 2 validated tools The group asked for more time for this type of training, particularly during the difficult time of the pandemic, concluding that sharing emotions, helping to redirect them, is a type of Emotional Intelligence that is effective for handling emotional crises.
Open Access
Identificación y manejo de situaciones emocionales vividas por los estudiantes de enfermería durante las prácticas clínicas
(Universidad de Murcia Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Zubeldia Etxeberria, Josune; Berasain Erro, Itziar; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Introducción: La Enfermería es una profesión en la que se viven situaciones emocionales muy complejas y difíciles, por lo que adquiere especial importancia el saber gestionar de forma adecuada las emociones para poder evitar estados de estrés crónico. Objetivo: Identificar las situaciones emocionales que experimentan los estudiantes de enfermería durante su experiencia clínica y la relación de ésta con las habilidades de la profesión enfermera, así como su gestión emocional. Método: Estudio de diseño mixto cualitativo/cuantitativo. La parte cualitativa se basa en el estudio de las situaciones emocionales percibidas por el alumnado en las prácticas clínicas, recabado a través de una pregunta abierta sobre situaciones que le habrían generado une emoción intensa. La cuantitativa, por su parte, se centra en la IEP (Inteligencia Emocional Percibida) del alumnado medido por cuestionario Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24). Resultados: En la primera parte se identifican dos categorías principales: Las habilidades y la falta de habilidades, entre las cuales, la categoría más identificada es la de las “habilidades”, siendo la subcategoría más representativa la de “empatía”, seguida del “autoconocimiento”. En ambas, la situación emocional primordialmente identificada es la muerte. En la segunda parte, se examinan los resultados y se infiere una asociación entre la dimensión Comprensión de la IEP y las habilidades de la profesión enfermera. Conclusión: La muerte está muy presente en las emociones del alumnado de prácticas clínicas siendo la empatía, la habilidad más presente. La comprensión emocional puede ayudar a estimular la empatía y promover el autoconocimiento.
Open Access
La inteligencia emocional en el Grado de Enfermería
(Fundación Index, 2024) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Zubeldia Etxeberria, Josune; Bays Moneo, Ana Beatriz; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
Objetivo: Describir una intervención para abordar la Inteligencia Emocional en el Grado de Enfermería. Metodología: relato de una experiencia en la asignatura Enfermería Clínica del Grado de Enfermería, en la que 32 alumnos recibieron una intervención teórica y práctica de Inteligencia Emocional con el modelo de Mayer y Saloy. Al finalizar se realizó una evaluación sobre la intervención. Resultados: en comparación a cursos previos se observó una mejoría considerable en valoraciones como la comunicación, la actitud reflexiva y la motivación; en las preguntas abiertas más de la mitad respondieron que aprendieron a relajarse, a conocerse mejor y; más de la cuarta parte, les pareció muy útil para su vida personal y profesional. Conclusiones: la Inteligencia Emocional demostró ser beneficiosa para la salud de alumnado y su propio aprendizaje. Por ello sería interesante la inclusión del manejo de las emociones, durante la formación universitaria en el Grado de Enfermería.
Open Access
Space-time analysis of ovarian cancer mortality rates by age groups in Spanish provinces (1989-2015)
(BioMed Central, 2020) Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Adin Urtasun, Aritz; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Background: Ovarian cancer is a silent and largely asymptomatic cancer, leading to late diagnosis and worse prognosis. The late-stage detection and low survival rates, makes the study of the space-time evolution of ovarian cancer particularly relevant. In addition, research of this cancer in small areas (like provinces or counties) is still scarce. Methods: The study presented here covers all ovarian cancer deaths for women over 50 years of age in the provinces of Spain during the period 1989-2015. Spatio-temporal models have been fitted to smooth ovarian cancer mortality rates in age groups [50,60), [60,70), [70,80), and [80,+), borrowing information from spatial and temporal neighbours. Model fitting and inference has been carried out using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) technique. Results: Large differences in ovarian cancer mortality among the age groups have been found, with higher mortality rates in the older age groups. Striking differences are observed between northern and southern Spain. The global temporal trends (by age group) reveal that the evolution of ovarian cancer over the whole of Spain has remained nearly constant since the early 2000s. Conclusion: Differences in ovarian cancer mortality exist among the Spanish provinces, years, and age groups. As the exact causes of ovarian cancer remain unknown, spatio-temporal analyses by age groups are essential to discover inequalities in ovarian cancer mortality. Women over 60 years of age should be the focus of follow-up studies as the mortality rates remain constant since 2002. High-mortality provinces should also be monitored to look for specific risk factors.
Open Access
A criterion and incremental design construction for simultaneous kriging predictions
(Elsevier, 2024) Waldl, Helmut; Müller, Werner G.; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika
In this paper, we further investigate the problem of selecting a set of design points for universal kriging, which is a widely used technique for spatial data analysis. Our goal is to select the design points in order to make simultaneous predictions of the random variable of interest at a finite number of unsampled locations with maximum precision. Specifically, we consider as response a correlated random field given by a linear model with an unknown parameter vector and a spatial error correlation structure. We propose a new design criterion that aims at simultaneously minimizing the variation of the prediction errors at various points. We also present various efficient techniques for incrementally building designs for that criterion scaling well for high dimensions. Thus the method is particularly suitable for big data applications in areas of spatial data analysis such as mining, hydrogeology, natural resource monitoring, and environmental sciences or equivalently for any computer simulation experiments. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed designs through two illustrative examples: one by simulation and another based on real data from Upper Austria.
Open Access
The perception and management of emotions in nursing students under clinical training
(Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2022) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Zubeldia Etxeberria, Josune; Uranga Iturrioz, María José; Bays Moneo, Ana Beatriz; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak
BACKGROUND: Patient care must be understood holistically and to achieve this goal, nurses must be aware and familiar with the world of emotions. Poor handling of emotions by nursing professionals can affect their health, also leading to lower-quality care. Therefore, it is important to explore the management of their emotions before becoming a nurse. PURPOSE: To evaluate Perceived Emotional Intelligence in 3rd - year nursing students in an academic context and in clinical practicum. METHODOLOGY: Longitudinal and prospective design. The Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 was used at three different moments, the first two corresponding to the academic context and the third to the clinical practice context, the age variable was also analyzed. RESULTS: 40 students of an average age (24.81±1.164 years old). Perception and Emotional Regulation were found to be different according to the learning context. Students over the age of 25 years old were also found to perceive their emotions better, but to understand them worse. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students’ perception of their own emotions may vary in function of their learning context, with age being a factor that has an influence on the management of emotions. Implications: In the design of the nursing program it’s important to include managing emotions and to choose when to do so.
Open Access
Use of symmetry assessment methods in the context of breast surgery
(Springer-Verlag, 2020-05-28) Montón Etxeberria, Javier; Torres, Asia; Gijón, María; Chang-Azancot, Luis; Kenig, Nitzan; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Jordán, Joaquín; Insausti, Ricardo; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika
Background: different procedures are available to help clinicians evaluate symmetry and cosmetic results in an objective manner after conservative breast cancer surgery. However, there are no similar methods in esthetic breast surgery, where the subjective assessment of the surgeon or the patient is usually considered the gold standard. The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of four software programs in the context of esthetic breast surgery and contrast their results with those of the subjective evaluation by a series of healthcare professionals. Materials and Methods: sixty cosmetic breast surgery images were studied using four software programs considered appropriate for the objective evaluation (BCCT3.core®, Breast Analyzing Tool®, Objective Breast Cosmesis Scale® and GBAI-Global Breast Asymmetry Index®). The same cases were assessed by a group of 100 health professionals through an online survey as a subjective evaluation method. Results: concordance among participants was high (κ = 0.753) as well as between three of the objective methods (BSI, OBCS, GBAI), but not with the BCCT parameter. There was no association between objective and subjective methods studied by the survey, according to the logistic regression model. The 'symmetry' and 'asymmetry' categories were accurately distinguished by the objective methods. Conclusions : objective evaluation in esthetic breast surgery has less variability than subjective assessment, and the estimation is possible through certain software previously restricted to conservative breast cancer surgery. Level of Evidence IV: this journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Open Access
Comparación de la ansiedad en el estudiante de Grado de Enfermería entre diferentes servicios de prácticas asistenciales
(Sociedad de Enfermería de Atención Primaria de Asturias, 2024) Jiménez Marcos, María Anunciación; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Objetivo: Comparar los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes de cuarto de enfermería en diferentes servicios clínicos de: 'Urgencias-Emergencias', 'Cuidados Intensivos', 'Oncología' y 'Atención Primaria'. Así como analizar si la edad de los estudiantes puede influir en sus niveles de ansiedad. Metodología: Estudio observacional, longitudinal y prospectivo. Participaron 85 estudiantes. Se evaluaron los niveles de ansiedad en tres momentos durante el ciclo de prácticas clínicas: al inicio, durante y al finalizar. Se utilizó el Inventario de ansiedad rasgo-estado (STAI) para medir la ansiedad en cada momento. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los niveles de ansiedad entre los servicios de 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria'. En el contexto de 'Urgencias-Emergencias', se percibió un aumento progresivo en la ansiedad estado, mientras que en 'Atención Primaria' se registró una disminución de los niveles de ansiedad rasgo a lo largo del ciclo de prácticas. Se pudo establecer una relación moderada y significativa inversa entre la edad de los estudiantes y sus niveles de ansiedad en el grupo en general. Además, esta relación también se hizo evidente en los entornos de 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria'. Conclusiones: El estudio desvela que los niveles de ansiedad en estudiantes de enfermería varían según el contexto clínico. 'Urgencias-Emergencias' generó un aumento progresivo de la ansiedad, mientras que en 'Atención Primaria' parecía actuar como un entorno protector ante la ansiedad. La edad también desempeñó un papel importante, ya que, a nivel general y, concretamente en los contextos 'Urgencias-Emergencias' y 'Atención Primaria', los estudiantes más jóvenes reflejaron mayores niveles de ansiedad.
Open Access
Body composition and resting energy expenditure in a group of children with achondroplasia
(Elsevier, 2024) Garde-Etayo, Laura; Trandafir, Paula Camelia; Saint-Laurent, Céline; Ugarte Martínez, María Dolores; Insausti Serrano, Ana María; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2
Background: Persons with achondroplasia develop early obesity, which is a comorbidity associated with other complications. Currently, there are no validated specific predictive equations to estimate resting energy expenditure in achondroplasia. Methods: We analyzed the influence of body composition on this parameter and determined whether predictive models used for children with standard height are adjusted to achondroplasia. In this cross-sectional study, we measured anthropometric parameters in children with achondroplasia. Fat mass was obtained using the Slaughter skinfold-thickness equation and resting energy expenditure was determined with a Fitmate-Cosmed calorimeter and with predictive models validated for children with average height (Schofield, Institute of Medicine, and Tverskaya). Results: All of the equations yielded a lower mean value than resting energy expenditure with indirect calorimetry (1256±200 kcal/day [mean±SD]) but the closest was the Tverskaya equation (1017 ± 64 kcal/day), although the difference remained statistically significant. We conclude that weight and height have the greatest influence on resting energy expenditure. Conclusion: We recommend studying the relationship between body composition and energy expenditure in achondroplasia in more depth. In the absence of valid predictive models suitable for clinical use to estimate body composition and resting energy expenditure in achondroplasia, it is recommended to use the gold standard methods by taking into account certain anthropometric parameters.