Person: Biurrun Quel, Carlos
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Biurrun Quel
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Carlos
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IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, ElectrĆ³nica y de ComunicaciĆ³n
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0000-0001-6446-3248
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811367
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Publication Open Access Photonic-assisted 2-D terahertz beam steering enabled by a LWA array monolithically integrated with a BFN(Optica, 2022) Haddad, Thomas; Biurrun Quel, Carlos; Lu, Peng; Tebart, Jonas; Sievert, Benedikt; Makhlouf, Sumer; Grzeslo, Marcel; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; RĆo Bocio, Carlos del; Stƶhr, Andreas; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, ElectrĆ³nica y de ComunicaciĆ³n; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenA novel photonic-assisted 2-D Terahertz beam steering chip using only two tuning elements is presented. The chip is based on an array of three leaky wave antennas (LWAs) with a monolithically integrated beamforming network (BFN) on a 50 Āµm-thick indium phosphide substrate. The THz beam angle in elevation (E-plane) is controlled via optical frequency tuning using a tunable dual-wavelength laser. An optical delay line is used for azimuth (H-plane) beam control. The simulated beam scanning range is 92Ā° in elevation for a frequency sweep from 0.23 THz to 0.33 THz and 69.18Ā° in azimuth for a time delay of 3.6 ps. For the frequency range from 0.26 THz to 0.32 THz, it is confirmed experimentally that the THz beam scans from ā12Ā° to +33Ā°, which is in good agreement with the numerical simulations. The beam direction in azimuth scans with a total angle of 39Ā° when applying a delay difference of 1.68 ps. A good agreement is found between theoretically predicted and experimentally determined THz beam angles with a maximum angle deviation below 5Ā°. The experimental scanning angles are limited due to the mechanical constraints of the on-wafer probes, the on-chip integrated transition and the bandwidth of the THz receiver LNA. The mechanical limitation will be overcome when using a packaged chip.Publication Open Access Design and characterization of terahertz CORPS beam forming networks(Springer, 2023) Biurrun Quel, Carlos; Haddad, Thomas; Sievert, Benedikt; Kress, Robin; Weimann, Nils; Erni, Daniel; Rennings, Andreas; Stƶhr, Andreas; Teniente Vallinas, Jorge; RĆo Bocio, Carlos del; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, ElectrĆ³nica y de ComunicaciĆ³n; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad PĆŗblica de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaThis work reviews the design and applicability of beam-forming networks based on Coherently Radiating Periodic Structures (CORPS-BFN) at Terahertz (THz) frequency bands. These versatile networks offer two operation modes: a continuous beam steering ā feeding an antenna array with a linearly progressive phase distribution ā using a reduced number of phase controls; or a multi-beam operation, generating independent, overlapped beams. These networks are built upon the concatenation of power combiners/dividers (PCDs) with isolated outputs. The isolation is provided by monolithically integrated resistors, implemented with Ti/TiO thin films for the first time. In this work, a planar prototype of a (inputs/outputs) microstrip CORPS-BFN for operation in the WR3.4/WM-864 band (220ā330 GHz) on a thin 50 m Indium Phosphide (InP) substrate is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The measured S-parameters show a reflection coefficient better than -15 dB and an insertion loss between 1.6 and 3.2 dB in the whole band. In addition, an isolation better than 20 dB between the input ports has been measured. An overall remarkable agreement is observed between the measurements and the simulations. Last, the applications, scalability and efficiency of this type of networks at the targeted band are discussed in detail.Publication Open Access High saturation photocurrent THz waveguide-type MUTC-photodiodes reaching mW output power within the WR3.4 band(Optica, 2023) Grzeslo, Marcel; DĆ¼lme, SebastiĆ”n; Clochiatti, Simone; Neerfeld, Tom; Haddad, Thomas; Lu, Peng; Tebart, Jonas; Makhlouf, Sumer; Biurrun Quel, Carlos; FernĆ”ndez EstĆ©vez, JosĆ© Luis; Lackmann, Jƶrg; Weimann, Nils; Stƶhr, Andreas; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, ElectrĆ³nica y de ComunicaciĆ³n; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenIn this paper, we report on waveguide-type modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes (MUTC-PDs) providing a record high output power level for non-resonant photodiodes in the WR3.4 band. Indium phosphide (InP) based waveguide-type 1.55 Āµm MUTC-PDs have been fabricated and characterized thoroughly. Maximum output powers of ā0.6 dBm and ā2.7 dBm were achieved at 240 GHz and 280 GHz, respectively. This has been accomplished by an optimized layer structure and doping profile design that takes transient carrier dynamics into account. An energy-balance model has been developed to study and optimize carrier transport at high optical input intensities. The advantageous THz capabilities of the optimized MUTC layer structure are confirmed by experiments revealing a transit time limited cutoff frequency of 249 GHz and a saturation photocurrent beyond 20 mA in the WR3.4 band. The responsivity for a 16 Āµm long waveguide-type THz MUTC-PD is found to be 0.25 A/W. In addition, bow-tie antenna integrated waveguide-type MUTC-PDs are fabricated and reported to operate up to 0.7 THz above a received power of ā40 dBm.Publication Open Access Suppressing open stopband for terahertz periodic microstrip leaky-wave antennas(IEEE, 2023) Haddad, Thomas; Biurrun Quel, Carlos; Lu, Peng; Kaya, Hacer; Mohammad, Israa; Stƶhr, Andreas; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, ElectrĆ³nica y de ComunicaciĆ³n; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenThis paper reports on a periodic microstrip Leaky-wave antenna (LWA). The open stopband issue is suppressed by altering the unit cell using a matching stub. The developed LWA is based on a grounded InP-substrate of 50 Āµm and has been fabricated and characterized between 0.23 to 0.33 THz. The dispersion diagram of the designed unit cell shows enhancement of the attenuation constant at the broadside frequency of 0.273 THz and about 50% less deflection at the broadside region on the Bloch impedance curves, consequently better impedance matching at the input. The simulated scattering parameters of the proposed LWA show that the return loss S11 is below 17 dB except for the broadside, which has a value of 13.8 dB. Furthermore, the beam steering capabilities of the antenna are simulated in the WR3.4 band and confirmed experimentally between 0.26 and 0.33 THz proving the beam direction to steer from ā12Ā° to +33Ā°, respectively.