Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos
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Ruiz ZamarreƱo
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Carlos
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IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación
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ISC. Institute of Smart Cities
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Publication Open Access SnO2 based optical fiber refractometers(SPIE, 2012) SĆ”nchez ZĆ”bal, Pedro; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; HernĆ”ez SĆ”enz de Zaitigui, Miguel; Del Villar, Ignacio; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaIn this work, the fabrication and characterization of refractometers based on lossy mode resonances (LMR) is presented. Tin dioxide (SnO2) films deposited on optical fibers are used as the LMR supporting coatings. These resonances shift to the red as a function of the external refractive index, enabling the fabrication of robust and highly reproducible wavelength-based optical fiber refractometers. The obtained SnO2-based refractometer shows an average sensitivity of 7198 nm/refractive index unit (RIU) in the range 1.333-1.420 RIU.Publication Open Access Sensors based on thin-film coated cladding removed multimode optical fiber and single-mode multimode single-mode fiber: a comparative study(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2015) Del Villar, Ignacio; Socorro LerĆ”noz, AbiĆ”n Bentor; HernĆ”ez SĆ”enz de Zaitigui, Miguel; Corres Sanz, JesĆŗs MarĆa; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; SĆ”nchez ZĆ”bal, Pedro; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta ElektronikoaTwo simple optical fibre structures that do not require the inscription of a grating, a cladding removed multimode optical fibre (CRMOF) and a single-mode multimode single-mode structure (SMS), are compared in terms of their adequateness for sensing once they are coated with thin-films.The thin-film deposited (TiO2/PSS) permits increasing the sensitivity to surrounding medium refractive index. The results obtained can be extrapolated to other fields such as biological or chemical sensing just by replacing the thin-film by a specific material.Publication Embargo Photoisomerization-induced LMR shift for UV radiation detection(Elsevier, 2024) Gallego MartĆnez, Elieser Ernesto; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenThis work presents an optical sensor for ultraviolet radiation (UV) detection, based on the combined effects of Lossy Mode Resonance (LMR) in the mid infrared (MIR) spectral region and the photoisomerization of a polymeric dye coating. LMR was obtained by means of a sputtered SnO2 thin film on a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro (or alkoxy Vinyl Ether, PFA) substrate, along with a photo sensitive coating based on poly R-478. Obtained devices shown response and recovery times of 12 and 43 s, respectively, for an UV excitation of 71 mW at 365 nm. Sensitivity as a function of the excitation wavelength was studied with the highest value of 26 nm/mW obtained at 280 nm. For this excitation wavelength, the limit of detection (LoD) obtained was 0.024 mW. Four different excitation wavelengths were used to cover all UV regions (280, 310, 365 and 395 nm). All measurements were performed at room temperature and humidity (25 ĀæC ± 1 ĀæC and 13% R.H. ± 2% R.H. respectively). As far as we know, it is the first time that the LMR effect has been recognized in combination with a photoisomerization process.Publication Open Access Automated forearm prosthesis controlling using fiber bragg grating sensor(Sociedade Brasileira de Microondas e OptoeletrĆ“nica e Sociedade Brasileira de Eletromagnetismo, 2023) Valera Rialto JĆŗnior, PĆ©ricles; Dureck, Eduardo Henrique; Kalinowski, Alessandra; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; Socorro LerĆ”noz, AbiĆ”n Bentor; Cardozo da Silva, Jean Carlos; Lazzaretti, AndrĆ© Eugenio; Dreyer, Uilian JosĆ©; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio IngeniaritzarenThis paper describes the automation of a forearm prosthesis using the signal collected by a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor. The FBG sensor is applied to one subject's forearm to measure the deformation as a result of the index and middle fingers when moved individually. It is possible to control a one joint model prosthesis allied to a compliant hand mechanism through signal analyses. Each finger movement has its features, such as its amplitude, which opens the possibility of using those to control different parts of the prosthesis, joint rotation by the middle finger, and compliant hand movement by the index finger. This paper presents results regarding prosthesis assembling, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) communication latency between prosthesis and computer and tests with pre-acquired and processed FBG signal data. The prosthesis wrist rotation movement is related to the middle finger signal, and its compliant mechanism actuation is due to index finger signal. The communication between prosthesis and the computer had a mean latency of 140 ms and a standard deviation of 18 ms. The results demonstrate the potential for using the sensor system and automated prosthesis in other applications involving real-time forearm sensing, multi-finger signal analysis, and prosthetic movement.Publication Open Access Fiber optic ammonia sensor using Bromocresol Green pH indicator(IEEE, 2014-12-15) RodrĆguez RodrĆguez, Adolfo JosuĆ©; May Arrioja, Daniel A.; DomĆnguez Cruz, RenĆ©; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta ElektronikoaWe report a fiber optic sensor for low levels of ammonia gas detection based on the use a Bromocresol Green (BCG) pH indicator attached to the optical fiber employing hydrophobic and gas permeable polyurethane film named TecoflexĀ® as attraping matrix. Highly reproducible and reversible fiber optical sensors have been achieved employing simple and short fabrication processes. The advantage for employ a BCG pH indicator is to take advantage of the basicity of ammonia exhibiting a wide spectral response (500 nm-750 nm) and shows recovery times of less than 15 s. The TecoflexĀ® film provides additional advantages to be measured to the sensitive area of the sensor, such as operation even in extremely dry environments, efficient transport and prevent leakage or detachment of the BCG pH indicator. The combination of the BCG pH indicator and TecoflexĀ® film provides a reliable and robust fiber optic ammonia gas sensor.Publication Open Access Lossy mode resonances biosensor for the detection of C-reactive protein(Optica Publishing Group, 2016) Zubiate Orzanco, Pablo; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; SĆ”nchez ZĆ”bal, Pedro; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Universidad PĆŗblica de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaThe fabrication and characterization of optical fiber biosensor based on Lossy Mode Resonances (LMR) to detect C-reactive protein (CRP) are presented. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coatings deposited on side-polished D-shaped optical fibers are used as LMR supporting coatings. The aptamer was immobilized on the ITO film using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) nano-assembly process. The optical fiber sensor presented shows a high selectivity and low limit detection.Publication Open Access Micro sized interdigital capacitor for gases detection based on graphene oxide coating(Springer, 2023) Vitoria Pascual, Ignacio; Armas, Dayron; Coronel Camones, Carlos Manuel; Algarra GonzĆ”lez, Manuel; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Mukhopadhyay, Subhas C.; Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics - INAMAT2; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCA micro sized interdigital capacitor sensible to CO2 and NO is studied in this work. The photolithography technique enables to obtain fingers with dimensions of 10 Ć 500 µm and separated 7 µm between them. The deposition of a film composed of graphene oxide particles as the dielectrics of the capacitor allows to measure the gas concentration of CO2 and NO mixed with N2. The sensors were characterized in a gas chamber with a constant flow, obtaining promising results in changes of capacitance at 100 Hz. The sensors have a good linearity and sensitivity with a R2 = 0.996 and 5.026Ā·10-1 pF/ % v/v for CO2 and R2=0.972 and 1.433Ā·10-1 pF/ppb for NO.Publication Open Access Resonances in coated long period fiber gratings and cladding removed multimode optical fibers: a comparative study(Optical Society of America, 2010) Del Villar, Ignacio; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; HernĆ”ez SĆ”enz de Zaitigui, Miguel; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta ElektronikoaTwo optical fiber devices have been coated in parallel: a long period fiber grating (LPFG) and a cladding-removed multimode optical fiber (CRMOF). The progressive coating of the LPFG by means of the layer-by-layer electrostatic-self-assembly, permits to observe a resonance wavelength shift of the attenuation bands in the transmission spectrum. The cause of this wavelength shift is the reorganization of the cladding mode effective indices. The cause of this modal reorganization can be understood with the results observed in the CRMOF coated in parallel. A lossy-moderesonance (LMR) is generated in the same wavelength range of the LPFG attenuation bands analyzed. Moreover, the thickness range where the wavelength shift of the LPFG attenuation bands occurs coincides exactly with the thickness range where the LMR can be visualized in the transmission spectrum. These phenomena are analyzed theoretically and corroborated experimentally. The advantages and disadvantages of both optical fiber devices are explained.Publication Open Access Optical sensors based on lossy-mode resonances(Elsevier Science, 2017) MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Ascorbe Muruzabal, JoaquĆn; Acha MorrĆ”s, Nerea de; López Torres, Diego; Zubiate Orzanco, Pablo; SĆ”nchez ZĆ”bal, Pedro; Urrutia Azcona, Aitor; Socorro LerĆ”noz, AbiĆ”n Bentor; Rivero Fuente, Pedro J.; HernĆ”ez SĆ”enz de Zaitigui, Miguel; ElosĆŗa Aguado, CĆ©sar; Goicoechea FernĆ”ndez, Javier; BariĆ”in Aisa, CĆ”ndido; Corres Sanz, JesĆŗs MarĆa; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; Arregui San MartĆn, Francisco Javier; Del Villar, Ignacio; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica y Electrónica; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa eta Elektronikoa; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCPublication Open Access Beyond near-infrared lossy mode resonances with fluoride glass optical fiber(Optica, 2021) Vitoria Pascual, Ignacio; Ruiz ZamarreƱo, Carlos; Ozcariz Celaya, Aritz; Imas GonzĆ”lez, JosĆ© Javier; MatĆas Maestro, Ignacio; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoaren eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzaren; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; IngenierĆa ElĆ©ctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Universidad PĆŗblica de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaThe objective of this Letter consists of the exploration of the lossy mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon beyond the nearinfrared region and specifically in the short wave infrared region (SWIR) and medium wave infrared region (MWIR). The experimental and theoretical results show for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, not only LMRs in these regions, but also the utilization of fluoride glass optical fiber associated with this phenomenon. The fabricated devices consist of a nanometric thin-film of titanium dioxide used as LMR generating material, which probed extraordinary sensitivities to external refractive index (RI) variations. RI sensitivity was studied in the SWIR and MWIR under different conditions, such as the LMR wavelength range or the order of resonance, showing a tremendous potential for the detection of minute concentrations of gaseous or biological compounds in different media.