Breakfast energy intake and dietary quality and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults

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dc.contributor.authorPérez-Vega, Karla-Alejandra
dc.contributor.authorLassale, Camille
dc.contributor.authorZomeño, María Dolores
dc.contributor.authorCastañer, Olga
dc.contributor.authorSalas-Salvadó, Jordi
dc.contributor.authorBasterra Gortari, Francisco Javier
dc.contributor.authorCorella, Dolores
dc.contributor.authorEstruch, Ramón
dc.contributor.authorRos, Emilio
dc.contributor.authorTinahones, Francisco J.
dc.contributor.authorBlanchart, Gemma
dc.contributor.authorMalcampo, Mireia
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz-Aguayo, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorSchröder, Helmut
dc.contributor.authorFitó, Montserrat
dc.contributor.authorHernáez, Álvaro
dc.contributor.departmentCiencias de la Saludes_ES
dc.contributor.departmentOsasun Zientziakeu
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-21T09:47:37Z
dc.date.available2025-02-21T09:47:37Z
dc.date.issued2024-11-05
dc.date.updated2025-02-21T08:42:59Z
dc.description.abstractObjectives: Not skipping breakfast is associated with a better overall diet quality and lower cardiometabolic risk. However, the impact of calorie intake and dietary quality of breakfast on cardiovascular health remains unexplored. We aimed to study the associations between breakfast energy intake and quality and time trajectories of cardiometabolic traits in high cardiovascular risk participants. Design: Prospective observational exploratory study with repeated measurements. Setting: Spanish older adults. Participants: 383 participants aged 55-75 with metabolic syndrome from PREDIMED-Plus, a clinical trial involving a weight-loss lifestyle intervention based on the Mediterranean diet. Measurements: Participants were followed for 36 months. Longitudinal averages of breakfast energy intake and quality were calculated. Three categories were defined for energy intake: 20-30% (reference), <20% (low), and >30% (high). Quality was estimated using the Meal Balance Index; categories were above (reference) or below the median score (low). Natural cubic spline mixed effects regressions described trajectories of cardiometabolic indicators (anthropometry, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and kidney function) in breakfast groups. Inter-group differences in predicted values were estimated by linear regressions. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, PREDIMED-Plus intervention group, education, smoking, physical activity, and total daily kilocalorie intake. Lipid profile analyses were further adjusted for baseline hypercholesterolemia, blood pressure analyses for baseline hypertension, and glucose/glycated hemoglobin analyses for baseline diabetes. Breakfast energy intake analyses were adjusted for breakfast quality, and vice versa. Results: At 36 months, compared to the reference, low- or high-energy breakfasts were associated with differences in body mass index (low: 0.61 kg/m² [95% confidence interval: 0.19; 1.02]; high: 1.18 kg/m² [0.71; 1.65]), waist circumference (low: 2.22 cm [0.96; 3.48]; high: 4.57 cm [3.13; 6.01]), triglycerides (low: 13.8 mg/dL [10.8; 16.8]; high: 28.1 cm [24.7; 31.6]), and HDL cholesterol (low: -2.13 mg/dL [-3.41; -0.85]; high: -4.56 mg/dL [-6.04; -3.09]). At 36 months, low-quality breakfast was associated with higher waist circumference (1.50 cm [0.53; 2.46]), and triglycerides (5.81 mg/dL [3.50; 8.12]) and less HDL cholesterol (-1.66 mg/dL [-2.63; -0.69]) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (-1.22 mL/min/1.73m2 [-2.02; -0.41]). Conclusions: Low- or high-energy and low-quality breakfasts were associated with higher adiposity and triglycerides, and lower HDL cholesterol in high-risk older adults. Low-quality breakfasts were also linked to poorer kidney function.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [grant numbers IFI20/00002, PI19/00017, PI15/00047, PI18/00020, PI16/00533, PI13/00233, PI21/00024, PI20/00012, and CP21/00097] and co-funded by the European Union, the European Research Council [grant number #340918], and the Government of Catalonia [grant number 2021 SGR 00144]. Publication fees were covered by the Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, University Ramon Llull in Barcelona.
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dc.format.mimetypeapplication/msworden
dc.identifier.citationPérez-Vega, K. A., Lassale, C., Zomeño, M. D., Castañer, O., Salas-Salvadó, J., Basterra-Gortari, F. J., Corella, D., Estruch, R., Ros, E., Tinahones, F. J., Blanchart, G., Malcampo, M., Muñoz-Aguayo, D., Schröder, H., Fitó, M., Hernáez, Á. (2024). Breakfast energy intake and dietary quality and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults. Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging, 28(12), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100406.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100406
dc.identifier.issn1279-7707
dc.identifier.urihttps://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/53525
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Nutrition, Health and Aging (2024), vol. 28, núm. 12, 100406
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII//IFI20%2F00002/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 (ISCIII)/PI19%2F00017/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//PI15%2F00047/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016 (ISCIII)/PI18%2F00020/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//PI16%2F00533/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//PI13%2F00233/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 (ISCIII)/PI21%2F00024/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020 (ISCIII)/PI20%2F00012/ES/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ISCIII//CP21%2F00097/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/European Commission/Horizon 2020 Framework Programme/340918/
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100406
dc.rights© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of SERDI Publisher. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectBody mass indexen
dc.subjectBreakfasten
dc.subjectGlomerular filtration rateen
dc.subjectHDL cholesterolen
dc.subjectTriglyceridesen
dc.subjectWaist circumferenceen
dc.titleBreakfast energy intake and dietary quality and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in older adultsen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc5cc6efd-d21a-43af-bccd-a94f8fe3c7b6

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