The water footprint of Spanish Ternera de Navarra PGI beef: conventional versus novel feeding based on vegetable by-products from the local food industry

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dc.contributor.authorGonzález-Martínez, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorGoenaga Uceda, Irantzu
dc.contributor.authorLeón Ecay, Sara
dc.contributor.authorHeras Rojo, Joana de las
dc.contributor.authorAldai Elkoro-Iribe, Noelia
dc.contributor.authorInsausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza
dc.contributor.authorMartínez Aldaya, Maite
dc.contributor.departmentAgronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentaciónes_ES
dc.contributor.departmentAgronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikaduraeu
dc.contributor.departmentInstitute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOODen
dc.contributor.departmentCienciases_ES
dc.contributor.departmentZientziakeu
dc.contributor.funderUniversidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoaes
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-05T15:08:30Z
dc.date.available2024-08-05T15:08:30Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.date.updated2024-08-05T14:41:11Z
dc.description.abstractCONTEXT: In recent years, livestock farming has been in the spotlight. Meat production is blamed for the pollution of aquifers and rivers, as well as for the large amount of water required to feed livestock. This has highlighted the need to find alternative feeding systems for cattle breeding able to reduce food/feed competition. OBJECTIVE: In this context, the present study compares the water footprint (WF) of conventionally fed beef versus beef fed with vegetable by-products from the local agri-food industry. METHODS: Twenty-four entire male young bulls were reared under the Ternera de Navarra Protected Geographic Identification (PGI) in the town of Azoz, in Navarra, Spain. Twelve calves were fattened on a diet based on vegetable by-products and fodder and grain to complement the ration (VBP diet) and the remaining animals were fattened with a traditional diet based on concentrate and straw (conventional or control diet). RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Once the fattening was finished and animals were slaughtered, the results showed a larger green, blue and grey WF in terms of m3 per beef cattle for conventionally fed animals compared to those fed with VBP. However, when looking at the efficiency, the results were mixed. Conventionally fed cattle exhibited lower green and grey WFs but a higher blue WF compared to VBP-fed cattle, with values of 9955 l/kg, 1577 l/kg and 1731 l/kg versus 10,147 l/kg, 1457 l/kg and 1831 l/kg of carcass beef, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE: This means that a by-product-based calf diet can reduce blue water use. However, further research is needed on the indirect water pollution associated with animal-fed crop production.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThe project leading to these results was funded by the Government of Navarra and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in the framework of the call for R & D BEEF + project “Carne saludable a través de la economía circular” (0011–1365–2020-000288), “la Caixa” and Caja Navarra Foundation, under agreement LCF/PR/PR13/51080004, and I.G. Industrial PhDs 2020 (0011–1408–2020-000009) and S.L.-E. Universidad Pública de Navarra post-graduate scholarships (UPNA-2022).
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.identifier.citationGonzález-Martínez, P., Goenaga, I., León-Ecay, S., de las Heras, J., Aldai, N., Insausti, K., Aldaya, M. M. (2024) The water footprint of Spanish Ternera de Navarra PGI beef: conventional versus novel feeding based on vegetable by-products from the local food industry. Agricultural Systems, 218, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103990.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103990
dc.identifier.issn0308-521X
dc.identifier.urihttps://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/50606
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofAgricultural Systems, 218, 2024, 103990
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Gobierno de Navarra//0011-1365-2020-000288/
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Gobierno de Navarra//0011-1408-2020-000009/
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103990
dc.rights© 2024 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license.
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectWater footprinten
dc.subjectVegetable by-productsen
dc.subjectAgri-food industryen
dc.subjectLivestock productionen
dc.subjectBeefen
dc.subjectCircular economyen
dc.titleThe water footprint of Spanish Ternera de Navarra PGI beef: conventional versus novel feeding based on vegetable by-products from the local food industryen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublication45393c01-a42b-4079-9d21-01e08e11c0b9
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