Effect of a gamified family-based exercise intervention on adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations in preschool children: single-center pragmatic trial
| dc.contributor.author | Legarra Gorgoñón, Gaizka | |
| dc.contributor.author | García Alonso, Yesenia | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ramírez Vélez, Robinson | |
| dc.contributor.author | Alonso Martínez, Loreto | |
| dc.contributor.author | Izquierdo Redín, Mikel | |
| dc.contributor.author | Alonso Martínez, Alicia | |
| dc.contributor.department | Ciencias de la Salud | |
| dc.contributor.department | Osasun Zientziak | |
| dc.contributor.department | Ciencias humanas y de la educación | |
| dc.contributor.department | Giza eta Hezkuntza Zientziak | |
| dc.contributor.funder | Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako Gobernua | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-03-26T11:19:12Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-03-26T11:19:12Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-03-04 | |
| dc.date.updated | 2025-03-26T11:13:37Z | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations, including physical activity (PA), sedentary time, and sleep, is essential for the healthy development of preschool children. Gamified family-based interventions have shown the potential to improve adherence to these guidelines, but evidence of their effectiveness among children is limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a gamified family-based exercise intervention in promoting adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations among preschool-aged children. Methods: This 12-week study is a single-center, pragmatic randomized controlled trial that included 80 preschool children (56% boys) and their families, who were randomly assigned to either the gamification group (n=40) or the control group (n=40). The “3, 2, 1 Move on Study” incorporates family-oriented physical activities and gamification techniques to increase PA domains, reduce sedentary behavior, and improve sleep patterns. The primary outcome was to increase moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) by 5 minutes/day, as measured by accelerometer at follow-up. Accelerometer-determined daily time spent (PA domains, sedentary behavior, and sleep), physical fitness (cardiorespiratory, speed-agility, muscular, physical fitness z-score), basic motor competencies (self-movement and object movement), and executive function (memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control) were also included as secondary outcomes. Results: The 71 participants included in the per-protocol analyses (32 girls, 45%; 39 boys, 55%) had a mean (SD) age of 5.0 (0.5) years. Change in MVPA per day after the intervention (12 weeks) increased in both groups by +25.3 (SD 24.6) minutes/day in the gamification group and +10.0 (SD 31.4) minutes/day in the routine care group, but no significant between-group differences were observed (8.62, 95% CI –5.72 to 22.95 minutes/day, ηp2=.025; P=.23). The analysis of secondary outcomes showed significant between-group mean differences in the change in physical behaviors derived from the accelerometers from baseline to follow-up of 26.44 (95% CI 8.93 to 43.94) minutes/day in favor of light PA (ηp2=.138; P=.01) and 30.88 (95% CI 4.36 to 57.41) minutes/day in favor of total PA, which corresponds to a large effect size (ηp2=.087; P=.02). Likewise, the gamification group substantially increased their score in standing long jump and physical fitness z-score from baseline (P<.05). Conclusions: In the “3, 2, 1 Move on Study,” a gamified intervention showed a modest but relevant increase in MVPA and other domains of 24-hour movement behavior among preschool-aged children. Therefore, gamified family-based interventions may provide a viable alternative to improve adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations. | en |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Gobierno de Navarra provided funding for this study (Departamento de Salud) and cofinanced it with the European Regional Development Fund through the FEDER Operational Program 2014-2020 (Navarra). | |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | en |
| dc.identifier.citation | Legarra-Gorgoñon, G., García-Alonso, Y., Ramírez-Vélez, R., Alonso-Martínez, L., Izquierdo, M., Alonso-Martínez, A. M. (2025). Effect of a gamified family-based exercise intervention on adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations in preschool children: single-center pragmatic trial. JMIR Serious Games, 13, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.2196/60185. | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.2196/60185 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2291-9279 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://academica-e.unavarra.es/handle/2454/53832 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | JMIR Publications | |
| dc.relation.ispartof | JMIR Serious Games 2025, vol. 13, e60185 | |
| dc.relation.publisherversion | https://doi.org/10.2196/60185 | |
| dc.rights | © Gaizka Legarra-Gorgoñon, Yesenia García-Alonso, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Loreto Alonso-Martínez, Mikel Izquierdo, Alicia M. Alonso-Martínez. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. | |
| dc.rights.accessRights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
| dc.subject | Children | en |
| dc.subject | Gamification | en |
| dc.subject | Exercise | en |
| dc.subject | Physical fitness | en |
| dc.subject | Domains of physical activity | en |
| dc.subject | Game | en |
| dc.subject | Fitness | en |
| dc.subject | Child | en |
| dc.subject | Family-based | en |
| dc.subject | Exercise program | en |
| dc.subject | Randomized controlled trial | en |
| dc.subject | Strength | en |
| dc.title | Effect of a gamified family-based exercise intervention on adherence to 24-hour movement behavior recommendations in preschool children: single-center pragmatic trial | en |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/article | |
| dc.type.version | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
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