Open Access
Application of MIR spectroscopy to the evaluation of chemical composition and quality parameters of foal meat: a preliminary study
(MDPI, 2020) Ruiz Darbonnens, Marta; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Lorenzo, José M.; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
The aim of this work was to study the potential of mid-infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the chemical composition and quality parameters of foal meat according to differences based on slaughter ages and finishing diets. In addition, the wavelength ranges which contribute to this meat quality differentiation were also determined. Important characteristics as moisture and total lipid content were well predicted using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (MIR) with Rv2 values of 82% and 66%, respectively. Regarding fatty acids, the best models were obtained for arachidonic, vaccenic, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with Rv2 values over 65%. Quality parameters, as instrumental colour and texture and sensory attributes did not reach high prediction coefficients (R2). With the spectra data of the region 2198–1118 cm-1, samples were accurately classified according to slaughter age (78%) and finishing diet (72%). This preliminary research shows the potential of MIR spectroscopy as an alternative tool to traditional meat chemical composition methods. Finally, the wavelength range of the spectrum from 2198 to 1118 cm-1 showed good results for classification purposes.
Open Access
Lipid and protein oxidation marker compounds in horse meat determined by MIR spectroscopy
(MDPI, 2020) Jáuregui López, Irati; Zulategui Beñarán, Fernando; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Sarriés Martínez, María Victoria; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
This work broadens the study of lipid and protein oxidation marker compounds in foal meat, employing the technology of Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FT/MIR, shortened in the following as MIR). As a main objective, marker compounds from 23 foals were extracted and their absorbance spectra were measured to establish prediction models (calibration and validation) between them and classical quantification analysis of the compounds. Another objective was to ascertain whether a previous extraction of the marker compounds before executing their MIR analysis is preferable compared to direct MIR measurements on the raw meat samples. In this context, marker compound results (TBARS between 0.4387 and 2.1040, and carbonyls between 4.07 and 4.68) showed more consistent predictive models than the ones achieved using quantitative analysis of the spectra obtained from the raw meat. Lipid oxidation compounds predictive models obtained in this work offered an R-cv(2) of 63.18% and protein oxidation R-cv(2) obtained in this project showed a value of 54.24%. Thus, MIR technology arises as a promising tool to identify and quantify products derived from lipid and protein oxidation in fresh foal meat.
Open Access
High hydrostatic pressure processing to replace texturizing agents on a plant product intended for altered deglutition: a concept proof
(Elsevier, 2023) Fernández Pan, Idoya; Merino Antón, Gorka; Virseda Chamorro, Paloma; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Ibáñez Moya, Francisco C.; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa
High hydrostatic pressure processing (HPP) can cause changes in food texture. These changes can be beneficial when developing food with strict texture specifications as it is the case of food targeted to people with altered deglutition (AD) issues. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the HPP potential as an alternative to the use of texturizing agents currently added to AD-targeted food products. First, formulation and experimental conditions of treatments were established, and 2 types of chickpea protein pur´ees, one containing corn starch (PS) and the other chicory inulin (PI), were developed. Second, the pur´ees were, in one case HPP-treated (300–400 MPa; 3–9 min) and in the other texturized with agar-agar and xanthan gum. Overall, HPP did not significantly affect the proximate composition of the purées and improved their microbiological quality, and, most importantly, they caused beneficial texture changes on both PS and PI purées. In addition, HPP-treatments conferred similar instrumental texture values to texturized purées. These texture values come within the given specific range data supplied by the literature for AD suitability. The present study provides the basis for applying HPP in the development of texturizer-free AD-oriented purées.
Open Access
Caracterización de las 'Costillas de Palo' de cordero de raza Navarra. I. Composición tisular
(Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Fundación Universitaria San Pablo-CEU, 2002) Mendizábal Aizpuru, José Antonio; Alzón, M.; Arana Navarro, Ana; Eguinoa Ancho, Paola; Delfa, R.; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Purroy Unanua, Antonio; Producción Agraria; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena
Se ha estudiado la composición tisular de 46 costillas de palo (10ª y 11ª) procedentes de 23 corderos de raza Navarra sacrificados con 24,2±1,55Kg. de peso vivo y 98±6,3d de edad. El peso medio de la costilla fue de 78,4±10,82g, de los que el porcentaje de músculo supuso el 48,5±4,16%, el de grasa 29,3±4,78% y el de hueso 15,0±3,19%, respectivamente. El músculo Longissimus dorsi, que presentó un área media de 9,6±1,34cm2, supuso el 52,4±6,30% del músculo total de la costilla. El componente óseo se distribuyó en un 41,8% en la costilla y el 58,2% en la vertebra. La grasa subcutánea supuso el 50,1% de la grasa total diseccionada, correspondiendo el 49,9% restante a la intermuscular. Por último, se midió la grasa intramuscular o de veteado que presentaba el músculo Longissimus dorsi, ocupando dicha grasa un 2,5±0,98% de la superficie de dicho músculo. El número medio de vetas de grasa en cada costilla fue de 5,6±1,92 y el tamaño medio de éstas de 4,5±1,74mm2.
Open Access
Volatile compounds, odour and flavour attributes of lamb meat from the navarra breed as affected by ageing
(MDPI, 2021) Insausti Barrenetxea, Kizkitza; Urrutia Vera, Olaia; Mendizábal Aizpuru, José Antonio; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Colle, Michael J.; Bass, Phillip D.; Arana Navarro, Ana; Murillo Arbizu, María Teresa; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
This study aimed to assess the influence of ageing on the volatile compounds, as well as odour and flavour attributes of lamb meat from the Navarra breed. Twenty-one male lambs were fed a commercial concentrate diet after weaning and were harvested at 101 ± 6.5 days of age. From the Longissimus thoracis, 26 volatile compounds were identified, with hexanal, 2-propanone, and nonanal the most abundant (57.17% relative percentage abundance, RPA). The effect of ageing (1 vs. 4 d) was observed (p < 0.05) in six compounds: 1,4-dimethylbenzene decreased with ageing, while tridecane, 3-methylbutanal, 2-heptanone, 3-octanone, and 1-octen-3-ol increased. In general, ageing was linked to a decrease in livery and bloody flavour, bloody odour and ethanal, and an increase in pentane, hexanal, and heptanal, which are usually associated with fresh green grass and fat descriptors. Consequently, ageing lamb from the Navarra breed for four days might have a positive effect on meat sensory odour and flavour quality.
Open Access
Los alimentos: clasificación y valor nutricional (3)
(Eunate, 2024) Salmerón Egea, Jesús; Barcina Angulo, Yolanda; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación; Agronomia, Bioteknologia eta Elikadura
En esta última parte sobre los alimentos se presentan dos grupos: el de las grasas y el misceláneo, un conjunto muy heterogéneo tanto en los tipos de alimentos que lo integran como en su composición química. El rasgo definitorio y común de este último grupo es que, desde el punto de vista de la nutrición, los correspondientes alimentos no tienen un aporte significativo de nutrientes (con la salvedad del agua) y por eso se puede prescindir de ellos en la dieta. No obstante, por razones culturales algunos están muy arraigados en la tradición gastronómica y, por tanto, se hará una revisión de los mismos.
Open Access
Stabilization and valorization of tomato byproduct: a case study for the bakery industry
(Wiley, 2023) Fernández Pan, Idoya; Ibáñez Moya, Francisco C.; Virseda Chamorro, Paloma; Arozarena Martinicorena, Íñigo; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Worldwide, tomato production is estimated at 180 million tons per year, which generates a byproduct with highly variable characteristics and volumes. According to the principles of the circular economy, a semi-industrial method for the integral use of the tomato byproduct as an ingredient in the bakery industry is proposed. Using two different dehydration processes (convection or freeze-drying), a tomato byproduct formed by peels and seeds was stabilized and ground into flours that were used as ingredients in focaccia-type flatbread elaboration through a wheat flour partial substitution trial (from 0% to 20% w/w). Based on the kinetics of convection drying and remaining lycopene content results, conditioning of the byproduct at 60ºC was proposed. The higher the percentage of substitution, the greater the firmness of the flatbread. However, the cutting force was maximum with 15% replacement. The flatbreads with 5%- 15% replacement were rated positively according to consumer acceptance studies. Substitution of up to 15% tomato byproduct is suggested for the formulation, as the higher the byproduct flour content, the lower the volume, the higher the firmness, and reddish-brown tones. Realistically, for the industrial setting, this processing proposal reached the whole food chain, from field to fork.
Open Access
Nutrición clínica: soporte nutricional
(Eunate, 2017-03-01) Oria Mundín, Eugenio José; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Ibáñez Moya, Francisco C.; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute on Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain - ISFOOD
Cuando se establecen las medidas de tratamiento en el paciente hospitalizado, con independencia de su enfermedad y gravedad, debe valorarse la necesidad de iniciar un soporte nutricional adecuado, si es necesario oral, enteral o parenteral, como una medida más de ese tratamiento. El tipo y las características del soporte nutricional dependerán del grado de desnutrición previa, la gravedad de la enfermedad aguda y el tiempo estimado en recuperar la ingesta por vía oral. El aporte adecuado de nutrientes es de gran importancia en el manejo nutricional del paciente hospitalizado, ya que la malnutrición1 puede agravar su estado clínico. El cálculo de los requerimientos energéticos y proteicos que deben administrarse depende de factores como la superficie corporal, la edad, el sexo, la actividad física y el factor de estrés relacionado con la enfermedad subyacente. El objetivo del soporte nutricional artificial2 en el paciente hospitalizado debe centrarse en el mantenimiento del equilibrio energético y de la síntesis proteica, más que en la ganancia de peso corporal. Mientras que un individuo sano requiere diariamente 0,8-1,0 g de proteína/kg de peso corporal, un paciente hospitalizado, cuyo metabolismo esté exacerbado por su enfermedad, puede necesitar 1,2-1,7 g de proteína/kg, con un aporte energético diario del orden de 25-30 kcal/kg.
Open Access
Effect of including whole linseed and vitamin E in the diet of young bulls slaughtered at two fat covers on the sensory quality of beef packaged in two different packaging systems
(Wiley, 2017) Albertí, P.; Campo, María M.; Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Ripoll, Guillermo; Sañudo Astiz, Carlos; Ciencias del Medio Natural; Natura Ingurunearen Zientziak
Background: Forty-six Pirenaica young bulls, slaughtered at two levels of fatness (3 and 4 mm), were used to evaluate theeﬀect of the inclusion of 50 g kg−1 linseed alone or with 200 IU vitamin E kg−1 in the concentrate and of the meat packaging system (vacuum or modiﬁed atmosphere packaging (MAP)) on the beef sensory quality. Results: The inclusion of linseed or supplementation with vitamin E in the concentrate induced no signiﬁcant diﬀerences in the main meat sensory scores and overall appraisal except under MAP, where small diﬀerences due to concentrate ingredients were found in juiciness and metallic ﬂavor intensity. Extending the display time up to 4 or 8 days in high-oxygen MAP had detrimental eﬀects on sensory attributes. Meat from animals with 4 mm fat cover depth were rated more tender and juicy, less ﬁbrous and with a higher intensity of beef ﬂavor and rancid odor than meat from 3 mm fat cover bulls when both samples were vacuum packaged. Conclusion: The inclusion of 50 g kg−1 linseed in the concentrate fed to bulls had no detrimental eﬀect on the beef sensory quality. The vacuum-packaged meat of bulls slaughtered at 4 mm fat cover was rated higher on sensory analysis than that at3 mm fat cover.
Open Access
Caracterización de las 'Costillas de Palo' de cordero de raza Navarra. II. Composición en ácidos grasos
(Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU. Fundación Universitaria San Pablo-CEU, 2002) Beriain Apesteguía, María José; Horcada, Alberto; Gorraiz Olangua, María Cristina; Eguinoa Ancho, Paola; Induráin Báñez, Gregorio; Arana Navarro, Ana; Purroy Unanua, Antonio; Mendizábal Aizpuru, José Antonio; Producción Agraria; Nekazaritza Ekoizpena
Se ha estudiado la composición en ácidos grasos de la grasa intramuscular y subcutánea de las costillas de palo de 23 corderos ternascos de raza Navarra. La grasa intramuscular presentó un 58,9% de ácidos grasos insaturados (AGI) y un 40,8% de ácidos grasos saturados (AGS). Los AGI mayoritarios fueron el oleico (C 18:1), el linoleico (C 18:2) y el araquidónico (C 20:4) que supusieron un 38,6, 7,3 y 8,5% respectivamente del total de ácidos grasos. Entre los AGS los mayoritarios fueron el palmítico (C 16:0) y el esteárico (C 18:0), los cuales supusieron un 29,7 y 13,7% respectivamente. La grasa subcutánea mostró un mayor contenido en AGS que la grasa intramuscular (47,7 vs 40,8%). Estas diferencias se reflejaron en la relación entre ácidos grasos poliinsaturados y saturados (AGP/AGS) que fue de 0,1 para la grasa subcutánea y de 0,5 para la grasa intramuscular.