Comunicaciones y ponencias de congresos ISC - ISC biltzarretako komunikazioak eta txostenak
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
Publication Open Access Wireless information power transfer assessment by deterministic radio propagation estimations in smart city contexts(IEEE, 2025-03-12) Picallo Guembe, Imanol; López Iturri, Peio; Klaina, Hicham; Celaya Echarri, Mikel; Rodríguez Corbo, Fidel Alejandro; Azpilicueta Fernández de las Heras, Leyre; Falcone Lanas, Francisco; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCThe development of context aware environments, such as those given in the framework of Smart Cities and Smart Regions require the use of ubiquitous connectivity and more recently, energy availability for a wide variety of Internet of Things based applications. In this work, estimations of wireless channel distributions for coverage/capacity as well as for energy availability will be presented, for outdoor as well as indoor scenarios with the aid of deterministic inhouse developed simulation tool. Volumetric assessment can be obtained, aiding in the radio network planning process, as well as in the feasibility of electromagnetic based energy harvesting solutions for Internet of Things based applications.Publication Open Access Diseño de filtro en guía de onda en banda W mediante guía multicapa con simetría glide(URSI, 2023) García-Martínez, Sergio; Santiago Arriazu, David; Tamayo-Domínguez, Adrián; Sánchez-Olivares, Pablo; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Lopetegui Beregaña, José María; Fernández González, J. M.; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCEste artículo presenta el diseño e implementación de un filtro paso banda de cuarto orden en tecnología de guía de onda multicapa a 100 GHz. Para evitar fugas de campo en las paredes de la guía y permitir la implementación del filtro en múltiples capas sin necesidad de contacto eléctrico, se ha utilizado una estructura periódica con agujeros y simetría de deslizamiento, con agujeros circulares, como una estructura de banda prohibida electromagnética (EBG). Se presenta un filtro robusto y compacto, capaz de mantener una buena respuesta en la banda para un amplio rango de entrehierro entre capas. Este enfoque permite la implementación de la estructura compleja del filtro en bandas milimétricas, ofreciendo alta precisión y facilidad de fabricación.Publication Open Access Analysis of interaction mechanisms and intercomparison of raytracing tools for optimizing THz simulations(IEEE, 2025-03-11) Aksoy, Enes; Schultze, Alper; Fazli, Abdolvakil; Raschkowski, Leszek; Azpilicueta Fernández de las Heras, Leyre; Celaya Echarri, Mikel; Navarro Cía, Miguel; Stanczak, Slawomir; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCThis paper quantifies the weight of the different physical mechanisms (reflection, diffraction, and scattering) in a typical indoor THz wireless communication environment and provides an intercomparison of raytracing tools. Two state-of-the-art raytracing tools - Wireless InSite and Sionna - are utilized to analyze the capabilities of currently available open-source and commercial raytracing engines for THz simulations. A channel sounder measurement campaign at 300 GHz was conducted in a conference room at Fraunhofer HHI, which is used to validate the raytracing simulations. Additionally, the measurements are compared to a proprietary raytracer, optimized for THz simulations. This paper presents a guideline to increase the capabilities of state-of-the-art raytracing tools, to obtain good results for high frequency simulations. The comparisons show, that currently used raytracing tools are not sufficiently accurate for THz simulations. However, these inaccuracies can be mitigated by the implementation of new features, such as the inclusion of different scattering mechanisms and the incorporation of atmospheric attenuation, while utilizing precise geometry and accurate material parameter models.Publication Open Access New thermal emission effects in temporal metamaterials(IEEE, 2025-03-20) Vázquez Lozano, Juan Enrique; Liberal Olleta, Íñigo; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCSo far, most of the developments on thermal radiation, essentially aimed at enhancing the control of its propagation and spectral properties, have mainly been based on the use of photonic nanostructures. Within this context, a new emerging field of research are temporal metamaterials. Given the realized successes of this new paradigm, and the manifest parallelism between the areas of photonics and thermal emission, it seems reasonable to think that temporal metamaterials could also revolutionize the field of thermal radiation, both at fundamental and applied levels. However, such an approach, merging thermal emission and time-varying media, has remained quite elusive, and the underlying physics has scarcely been explored as yet. Hence, in this work, we put forward a quantum theoretical framework that sets a rigorous basis to address thermal emission in time-modulated materials. Upon this ground, we unveil new physics, showing the occurrence of non-local correlations, the potential of temporal metamaterials to radiate outside the black-body spectrum, as well as the existence of quantum vacuum amplification effects at finite temperature. Finally, we show how these features may lead to novel thermal emission effects as well as the conception of innovative thermal emitters dual to spatial gratings.Publication Open Access Parallel interleaved current source rectifiers for high-power hydrogen electrolyzers and optimal DC inductance design(IEEE, 2025-03-10) Iribarren Zabalegui, Álvaro; Barrios Rípodas, Ernesto; Balda Belzunegui, Julián; Rivera, Marco; Wheeler, Patrick; Ursúa Rubio, Alfredo; Sanchis Gúrpide, Pablo; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCDue to their single-stage step-down nature, current source rectifiers (CSR) constitute attractive options for supplying high-power electrolyzers. To increase system power rating, parallel configurations can be adopted with interleaved Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques that improve power quality and reduce the size of filtering elements. Optimal design of the output dc inductance is crucial to achieve cost-effective and competitive solutions. However, common design methods for one single CSR do not achieve optimal designs. There are hardly any specific design methods for interleaved CSRs either. This paper analyzes the operation of parallel interleaved CSRs supplying high-power electrolyzers and develops a methodology to optimally size the output dc inductances. In addition, a common mode equivalent circuit is developed to analyze the circulating currents caused by the interleaved operation and calculate the ripple in the inductances. When applied to a 3 MW electrolyzer, the results show that inductance size reductions of up to 69% can be obtained with the proposed methodology.Publication Open Access Filtro de cavidades apiladas en tecnología CLAF-SIW para ondas milimétricas(Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2024) Segura-Gómez, Cleofás; Biedma-Pérez, Andrés; Santiago Arriazu, David; Palomares-Caballero, Ángel; Arregui Padilla, Iván; Gómez Laso, Miguel Ángel; Padilla, Pablo; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCEste trabajo presenta la validación de la tecnología CLAF-SIW para la fabricación de filtros en el rango de frecuencias de ondas milimétricas. El filtro estudiado es un filtro paso banda compuesto por cuatro cavidades apiladas y acopladas mediante iris (se utilizan cinco iris en total). Cada capa está compuesta por una placa de circuito impreso (PCB) de espesor comercial. Las capas de iris se prototipan metalizando los bordes de las ranuras, mientras que las capas de cavidad contienen la estructura CLAF-SIW utilizando setas dobles como estructura EBG. El filtro se obtiene inmediatamente simplemente adaptando el ancho efectivo de la cavidad CLAF-SIW a la cavidad de referencia, para la cual se han estudiado los efectos que afectan a este valor efectivo. Se ha fabricado un prototipo con buena concordancia entre la medición, la simulación y la respuesta ideal del filtro de cavidad para una banda de paso de 36 a 37,5 GHz. Las pequeñas discrepancias se deben a las diferencias en la separación real entre los laminados y las tolerancias de fabricación.Publication Open Access El derecho de acceso biométrico a los campos de fútbol(INAP, 2025) Alenza García, José Francisco; Derecho; Zuzenbidea; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCLa identificación biométrica con inteligencia artificial para el acceso a los campos de fútbol es un método seguro, confiable y de bajo riesgo, que puede cumplir las garantías de protección de datos personales. Es, además, el mejor sistema para garantizar la seguridad en los estadios y para prevenir la vulneración de derechos fundamentales. El carácter especial de los datos biométricos exige una base legitimadora que puede encontrarse en la legislación de antiviolencia en el deporte y, sobre todo, en el consentimiento de los ciudadanos como manifestación del derecho constitucional a la propia identidad.Publication Open Access Exploring crowdshippers' behavior and preferences: intertwining urban distribution and people mobility(Elsevier, 2025-05-14) García Herrera, Alisson Maurinne; Serrano Hernández, Adrián; Faulín Fajardo, Javier; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Gobierno de Navarra / Nafarroako GobernuaCollaborative economy companies in the transport field have been a disruptive force in the urban mobility landscape around the world during the last decade 2010-2020. Crowdshipping has emerged as a collaborative economy option promoting improved utilization of currently underutilized transportation capacity, thereby reducing transportation costs and emissions. This article aims to analyze and synthesize existing research on the impact of the crowdshipper (individuals responsible for collecting and delivering the product) behavior on the system and the factors that drive his or her willingness to participate, to identify best practices and opportunities to enhance business analytics, decision-making, and model efficiency in this emerging area.Publication Open Access Assessing the impact of physicians' behavior variability on performance indicators in emergency departments: an agent-based model(IEEE, 2025-01-20) Baigorri Iguzquiaguirre, Miguel; Cildoz Esquíroz, Marta; Mallor Giménez, Fermín; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCIn emergency departments (EDs), traditional simulation models often overlook the variability in physician practice, assuming uniform service provision. Our study introduces a hybrid agent-based discrete-event simulation (AB-DES) model to capture this variability. Through simulation scenarios based on real ED data, we assess the impact of physician behavior on key performance indicators such as patient waiting times and physician stress levels. Results show significant variability in both individual physician performance and average metrics across scenarios. By integrating physician agent modeling, informed by literature from medical and workplace psychology, our approach offers a more nuanced representation of ED dynamics. This model serves as a foundation for future developments towards digital twins, facilitating real-time ED management. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering physician behavior for accurate performance assessment and optimization.Publication Open Access Modelo de gestión para la investigación en enfermería: experiencia de la Universidad de Navarra(Conferencia Nacional de Decanos y Decanas de Enfermería, 2015) García Vivar, Cristina; Canga Armayor, Ana; López de Dicastillo Sáinz de Murieta, Olga; Pérez Díez del Corral, Mercedes; Rumeu Casares, Carmen; Saracibar Razquin, María Isabel; Ciencias de la Salud; Osasun Zientziak; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCIntroducción. Las nuevas demandas universitarias están obligando a redefinir el modelo de gestión de la investigación en enfermería con el objeto de consolidar su calidad e impacto socio-sanitario. Objetivo. Presentar las estrategias utilizadas en la implantación de un modelo de gestión para el desarrollo de la investigación en enfermería en la Universidad de Navarra (UN). Metodología. Las cuatro fases de Marchette (simulación, individualista, unificada, equilibrio) son el marco para presentar el modelo de gestión llevado a cabo por la UN para potenciar la investigación en Enfermería. Resultados. Se describen las siguientes estrategias: organización de jornadas y reuniones sobre investigación; inversión en capacitación investigadora de los profesores; aprobación de las líneas de investigación como estructuras organizativas para el desarrollo del conocimiento en enfermería; creación de la Cátedra María Egea para la investigación; implantación del Plan Estratégico en investigación 2013-2018; aprobación del Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Enfermería. Conclusiones. Existe la necesidad de adoptar y adaptar nuevas estructuras de gestión de la investigación que fomenten la creación de conocimiento disciplinar, el desarrollo de equipos de investigación competitivos, la interdisciplinariedad, el trabajo en equipo, y la formación de nuevos investigadores. Asimismo, estas estructuras deben dar respuesta a las nuevas demandas sociosanitarias, y promover la práctica clínica de enfermería de excelencia.Publication Open Access Cognitive assistant for physical exercise monitoring in hand rehabilitation(Springer, 2023-08-21) Rincón Arango, Jaime Andrés; Marco Detchart, Cedric; Julian, Vicente; Carrascosa, Carlos; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCThis paper introduces a novel, affordable companion robot that has been designed for rehabilitation purposes among the elderly population. The robot is equipped with a camera that records exercises, and an animation screen that delivers clear and easy-to-follow instructions and feedback. To evaluate the device, a machine learning algorithm was used on a dataset of therapy exercises. The results indicate that the robot effectively recognizes gestures and accurately identifies the exercises being performed. This study presents a groundbreaking and cost-effective solution for elderly rehabilitation and has the potential to revolutionize the industry with its cutting-edge technology.Publication Open Access Análisis del proceso de llenado de la señal sEMG a medida que aumenta gradualmente la fuerza en el cuádriceps(Sociedad Española de Ingeniería Biomédica, 2024) Recalde Villamayor, Silvia; Navallas Irujo, Javier; Mariscal Aguilar, Cristina; Rodríguez Falces, Javier; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCObjetivos: No existe una comprensión completa del modo en que la señal EMG de superficie se llena progresivamente de potenciales de unidad motora (MUP) a medida que aumenta la fuerza. Intentamos investigar este proceso de llenado de sEMG. Métodos: Se registraron señales EMG superficiales del cuádriceps de sujetos sanos a medida que la fuerza aumentaba gradualmente de 0 a 40% MVC. El proceso de llenado sEMG se analizó midiendo el factor de llenado EMG (calculado a partir de los momentos no centrales de la señal sEMG rectificada). Resultados: (1) Al aumentar gradualmente la fuerza, aparecieron uno o dos saltos bruscos prominentes en la amplitud del sEMG entre el 0 y el 10% de la fuerza MVC en los vastos lateral y medial. (2) Los saltos de amplitud se originaban cuando aparecían en la señal de sEMG unos pocos MUP de gran amplitud, que destacaban claramente de la actividad de sEMG anterior. (3) Cada vez que se producía un salto brusco en la amplitud del sEMG, se iniciaba una nueva fase de llenado del sEMG. Conclusiones: El proceso de llenado del sEMG tuvo una o dos etapas en los músculos vastos, estando el sEMG casi completamente lleno a fuerzas muy bajas (2-12% MVC). Importancia: El factor de llenado es una herramienta prometedora útil para analizar el proceso de llenado EMG.Publication Open Access A generalization of the gravitational search algorithm(Springer, 2017-05-19) Bustince Sola, Humberto; Minárová, María; Fernández Fernández, Francisco Javier; Sesma Sara, Mikel; Marco Detchart, Cedric; Ruiz-Aranguren, Javier; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCIn this work we propose a generalization of the gravitational search algorithm where the product in the expression of the gravitational attraction force is replaced by more general functions. We study some conditions which ensure convergence of our proposal and we show that we recover a wide class of aggregation functions to replace the product.Publication Open Access Some properties and construction methods for ordered directionally monotone functions(IEEE, 2017-08-24) Sesma Sara, Mikel; Marco Detchart, Cedric; Bustince Sola, Humberto; Barrenechea Tartas, Edurne; Lafuente López, Julio; Kolesárová, Anna; Mesiar, Radko; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCIn this work we propose a new generalization of the notion of monotonicity, the so-called ordered directionally monotonicity. With this new notion, the direction of increasingness or decreasingness at a given point depends on that specific point, so that it is not the same for every value on the domain of the considered function.Publication Open Access d-CC integrals: generalizing CC-integrals by restricted dissimilarity functions with applications to fuzzy-rule based systems(Springer, 2023) Sartori, Joelson; Asmus, Tiago da Cruz; Santos, Helida; Borges, Eduardo N.; Bustince Sola, Humberto; Dimuro, Graçaliz Pereira; Lucca, Giancarlo; Bedregal, Benjamin; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCThe discrete Choquet Integral (CI) and its generalizations have been successfully applied in many different fields, with particularly good results when considered in Fuzzy Rule-Based Classification Systems (FRBCSs). One of those functions is the CC-integral, where the product operations in the expanded form of the CI are generalized by copulas. Recently, some new Choquet-like operators were developed by generalizing the difference operation by a Restricted Dissimilarity Function (RDF) in either the usual or the expanded form of the original CI, also providing good results in practical applications. So, motivated by such developments, in this paper we propose the generalization of the CC-integral by means of RDFs, resulting in a function that we call d-CC-integral. We study some relevant properties of this new definition, focusing on its monotonicity-like behavior. Then, we proceed to apply d-CC-integrals in a classification problem, comparing different d-CC-integrals between them. The classification acuity of the best d-CC-integral surpasses the one achieved by the best CC-integral and is statistically equivalent to the state-of-the-art in FRBCSs.Publication Open Access Lithography-free perfect narrowband absorbers using simple layered structures(IEEE, 2024-10-08) Lezaun Capdevila, Carlos; Navajas Hernández, David; Liberal Olleta, Íñigo; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCLight absorbers are key components for multiple applications ranging from heat and energy management to communications and sensing. This work explores different complex permittivity combinations for material-reflector and material-spacer-reflector configurations, achieving perfect absorption under different permittivity regimes and thicknesses. Using silicon carbide, we discuss polarization and angle dependencies, and the potential of exploiting different permittivity regimes within a device for multi-band absorption. This work helps standardize absorber design and offer insights to engineer perfect absorbers for applications such as thermal emission, absorption, communication and sensing.Publication Open Access Perfect narrowband absorbers using simple lithography-free structures(IEEE, 2024-10-08) Lezaun Capdevila, Carlos; Navajas Hernández, David; Liberal Olleta, Íñigo; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCLight absorption is a key phenomenon for a variety of technologies [1]: radiative cooling, photovoltaics, sensing, communication and camouflaging are just a few examples. These applications demand scalable and compact devices that modulate their absorption spectra, usually engineered using cavities and/or periodic structures acting as resonators. Weak light matter interaction limits the absorption within ultra-compact devices, although epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials allows to greatly increase such interaction [2]. The lack of design standardization presents a big gap for designing absorbers. We present a thorough analysis of an arbitrary material on top of a PEC (perfect electric reflector) and a material separated by a spacer from the PEC. We overview the absorption phenomena for different permittivity regions, thicknesses, angles of incidence and polarization. This work helps standardize the design of these absorber configuration.Publication Open Access Dielectric sensing of deeply subwavelength analytes using epsilon-near-zero waveguides(IEEE, 2024-10-08) Lezaun Capdevila, Carlos; Pacheco-Peña, Víctor; Beruete Díaz, Miguel; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCThe advent of metamaterials brought new wave-matter interaction paradigms to manipulate field and waves at will. Their applications are numerous: antennas, lenses, invisibility cloaking, computing, vortex beams and more. In turn, epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials opened up new phenomena for light manipulation due to their exotic propagation constant, wavenumber and characteristic impedance. In 2008, it was demonstrated that a rectangular waveguide can emulate ENZ media by working near the cutoff frequency [1]. Moreover, the incredible field confinement inside the ENZ waveguide provided interesting features for sensing applications [2]. Our work further develops the idea of a dielectric body sensor based on a ENZ waveguide by considering an analyte partially filling the waveguide [3] and demonstrating empirically the setup [4].Publication Open Access Aggregation of deep features for image retrieval based on object detection(Springer, 2019-09-22) Forcén Carvalho, Juan Ignacio; Pagola Barrio, Miguel; Barrenechea Tartas, Edurne; Bustince Sola, Humberto; Estadística, Informática y Matemáticas; Estatistika, Informatika eta Matematika; Institute of Smart Cities - ISC; Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate PublikoaImage retrieval can be tackled using deep features from pretrained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The feature map from the last convolutional layer of a CNN encodes descriptive information from which a discriminative global descriptor can be obtained. However, this global descriptors combine all of the information of the image, giving equal importance to the background and the object of the query. We propose to use an object detection based on saliency models to identify relevant regions in the image and therefore obtain better image descriptors. We extend our proposal to multi-regional image representation and we combine our proposal with other spatial weighting measures. The descriptors derived from the salient regions improve the performance in three well known image retrieval datasets as we show in the experiments.Publication Open Access Ultra-low detection limit lossy mode resonance-based fibre-optic biosensor(Optica Publishing Group, 2018) Chiavaioli, Francesco; Zubiate Orzanco, Pablo; Del Villar, Ignacio; Ruiz Zamarreño, Carlos; Giannetti, Ambra; Tombelli, Sara; Trono, Cosimo; Matías Maestro, Ignacio; Arregui San Martín, Francisco Javier; Baldini, Francesco; Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación; Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza; Institute of Smart Cities - ISCWe report on ultra-low detection limit lossy mode resonance-based fibre-optic biosensor coated with nm-thick tin dioxide film, which allows measuring fibre-surrounding medium changes with very high sensitivity for label-free and real-time biomolecular interaction analysis